0x00 Mysql数据库常用存储引擎
Mysql数据库是一款开源的数据库，支持多种存储引擎的选择，比如目前最常用的存储引擎有：MyISAM，InnoDB，Memory等。
MyISAM存储引擎
MyISAM是Mysql的默认存储引擎，它支持B-tree/FullText/R-tree索引类型，并且MyISAM的锁级别是表锁，表锁的开销小，加锁快；锁粒度大，发生锁冲突的概率较高，并发度低；表锁适合查询。MyISAM引擎不支持事务性，也不支持外键。
InnoDB存储引擎
InnoDB存储引擎最大的亮点就是支持事务性，支持回滚。它支持Hash/B-tree索引类型。InnoDB的锁级别是行锁，行锁在锁定上带来的消耗大于表锁，但是在系统并发访问量较高时，InnoDB整体性能远高于MyISAM。InnoDB的索引不仅缓存索引本身，也缓存数据，所以InnoDB需要更大的内存。
Memory存储引擎
Memory存储引擎是一个内存级的存储引擎，它将所有数据都存储在内存中，所以它能够存储的数据量是比较小的。而因为内存的特性，Memory存储引擎对于数据的一致性支持教差。Memory的锁级别和MyISAM一样，是表锁；并且不支持事务性。
0x01 如何选择合适的存储引擎
采用MyISAM引擎
R/W > 100 : 1并且Update较少 (R/W:读写比) 并发不高，不需要支持事务 表数据量小 需要进行全文搜索采用InnoDB引擎
R/W比较小，频繁更新大字段 表数据量超过千万，高并发 安全性和可用性要求高采用Memory引擎
有足够的内存 对数据一致性要求不高，如session/在线人数等 需要定期归档的数据0x02 结语
数据库的选择，数据库存储引擎的选择，以及数据库的优化，就像是一门艺术，它没有好与坏之分，只有适合与不适合。一个项目需要考虑的因素很多，如何去权衡几个因素之间的权重，如何找到一个最优解，真的需要长时间的经验积累，数据库的学习之路漫漫，坚持，再坚持！
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