缓冲是 I/O 的一种性能优化。缓冲流为 I/O 流增加了内存缓冲区。
BufferedInputStream类 与 BufferedOutputStream类
BufferedInputStream类 可以对所有InputStream的子类进行缓冲区的包装,以达到性能的优化。
BufferedOutputStream类 中的 flush()方法 被用来把缓冲区的字节写入到文件中,并清空缓存。
BufferedInputStream类的构造方法:
构造方法 | 介绍 |
---|---|
BufferedInputStream(FileInputStream fileInputStream); | 创建一个带有32个字节的缓冲输入流。 |
BufferedInputStream(FileInputStream fileInputStream , int size); | 按指定的大小来创建缓冲输入流。 |
BufferedOutputStream类的构造方法:
构造方法 | 介绍 |
---|---|
BufferedOutputStream(FileOutputStream fileOutputStream); | 创建一个带有32个字节的缓冲输出流。 |
BufferedOutputStream(FileOutputStream fileOutputStream , int size); | 按指定的大小来创建缓冲输出流。 |
BufferedInputStream类 与 BufferedOutputStream类 实例:
import java.io.*; public class Demo4 { public static void main(String[] args) { /** * 缓冲字节输入流(BufferedInputStream) * 特点:提高效率 */ File file = new File("C:\\JAVA_API_1.7中文.chm"); BufferedInputStream bufferedInputStream = null;//创建缓冲字节流 FileInputStream fileInputStream = null; long stare = System.currentTimeMillis();//获得当前流开始时的毫秒值 try { fileInputStream=new FileInputStream(file); bufferedInputStream = new BufferedInputStream(fileInputStream);//将文件字节流包装成缓冲字节流 byte by[] = new byte[1024];//缓冲区字节数组(这个缓冲区与Buffered不同) while ((bufferedInputStream.read(by))!=-1){//使用缓冲字节流读取数据 } long end = System.currentTimeMillis();//获得当前流结束时的毫秒值 System.out.println("运行经历的毫秒数:"+(end - stare)); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { if (fileInputStream!=null){ try { fileInputStream.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } if (bufferedInputStream!=null){ try { bufferedInputStream.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } /** * 缓冲字节输出流(BufferedOutputStream) * 特点:提高效率 */ File file1 = new File("C:\\Word.txt"); BufferedOutputStream bufferedOutputStream = null;//创建缓冲字节输出流 FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = null; try { fileOutputStream=new FileOutputStream(file1); bufferedOutputStream=new BufferedOutputStream(fileOutputStream);//将文件输出流包装到缓冲字节输出流 String str = "深山踏红叶,耳畔闻鹭鸣。"; byte by[] = str.getBytes(); bufferedOutputStream.write(by); //<*> 使用缓冲字节输出流时,要多进行刷新操作,避免等待,有数据时就将数据写入文件当中 <*> bufferedOutputStream.flush();//刷新(强制将缓冲区数据写入文件中,即使缓冲区没有写满) } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { if (fileOutputStream!=null){ try { fileOutputStream.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } if (bufferedOutputStream!=null){ try { bufferedOutputStream.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } } }
BufferedReader类 与 BufferedWriter类
BufferedReader类 与 BufferedWriter类 分别继承了 Reader类 与 Writer类,这两个类同样具有内部缓冲机制,并以行为单位输入/输出。
BufferedReader类常用方法:
BufferedWriter类常用方法:
BufferedReader类 与 BufferedWriter类 实例:
import java.io.*; public class Demo6 { public static void main(String[] args) { File file = new File("C:\\Word.txt"); /** * 文件缓冲字符输出流(BufferedWriter) */ FileWriter fileWriter = null;//创建文件字符输出流 BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = null;//创建文件缓冲字符输出流 try { fileWriter = new FileWriter(file); bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(fileWriter);//将文件字符输出流包装成文件缓冲字符输出流 String str1 = "神里"; String str2 = "绫华"; bufferedWriter.write(str1);//第一行数据 bufferedWriter.newLine();//创建一个新行 bufferedWriter.write(str2);//第二行数据 } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }finally {//<*> 注意:流的关闭顺序,先创建的后关闭。 <*> if (bufferedWriter!=null){ try { bufferedWriter.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } if (fileWriter!=null){ try { fileWriter.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } /** * 文件缓冲字符输入流(BufferedReader) */ FileReader fileReader = null; BufferedReader bufferedReader = null; try { fileReader = new FileReader(file); bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(fileReader);//将文件字符输入流包装成文件缓冲字符输入流 String tmp = null;//临时变量 int i = 1;//计数器 while ((tmp = bufferedReader.readLine())!=null){//循环读取文件中的内容 System.out.println("第"+i+"行:"+tmp); i++; } } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { if (bufferedReader!=null){ try { bufferedReader.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } if (fileReader!=null){ try { fileReader.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } } }
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