How to retrieve deleted files in git

In daily development, we often use Git for version control, but it is also possible to accidentally delete some important files. But don't worry, there are ways to retrieve deleted files in Git.

First of all, we need to know that Git regards the deletion of files as a modification, so we can use the "Recover Deleted Files" function in Git to recover important files that have been accidentally deleted.

Method 1: Use the history record function of Git
In Git, we can retrieve accidentally deleted files through history records. The steps are as follows:

1. First use the command git log --oneline --name-status to view Git history. At this point, we see the commit history and a list of files modified by each commit. Among them, "D" means that the file was deleted.
2. Find the commit where the accidentally deleted file is located. The commit where the accidentally deleted file is located can be found through the commit time, description, or other information. Assuming a commit ID is found, we can use the command git show <commitid></commitid> to view the details of the commit. It contains a list of files modified by this commit.
3. Find the accidentally deleted file. In the submitted information, find the accidentally deleted file and copy the file name.
4. Recover accidentally deleted files. Use the command git checkout <commitid> -- <filename></filename></commitid> to restore the file. Among them, <commitid></commitid> is the commit ID where the accidentally deleted file is located, and <filename></filename> is the name of the accidentally deleted file.

Method 2: Use the rollback function of Git
Another way is to use the rollback function of Git. The steps are as follows:

1. Use the command git reflogView Git reference records. All Git operation instructions are recorded here.
2. Find the version before accidentally deleting the file. Previous versions of files that were accidentally deleted can be found through time, commit descriptions, and other information. Assuming the version number is found, then we need to continue.
3. Revert to the version before accidentally deleting the file. Use the command git reset --hard <commitid></commitid> to roll back to this version. Among them, <commitid></commitid> is the ID of the previous version of the file that was accidentally deleted.
4. Recover accidentally deleted files. During the process of rolling back to the previous version, the accidentally deleted file is restored, and then we can use git add <filename></filename>, git commit to resubmit the file.

It should be noted that you should be careful when using the rollback function, because this will bring your branch back to the past state and may overwrite subsequent commits. If you use this feature, make sure you understand the impact of this feature and use it to recover deleted files.

Summary
Regardless of which method is used, finding an accidentally deleted file and restoring it requires knowing the commit or previous version in which the accidentally deleted file was located. During the process of restoring a file, remember to add and resubmit the file so that the repair operation is recorded in the entire history of version control. In addition, before restoring files, please make sure that you have saved all unsaved modifications to avoid data loss caused by misoperation.

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