How to quickly set up a Git server on liunx (tutorial)

In today's software development industry, version control is an important part that cannot be ignored. Git is one of the most popular version control systems currently available. Its powerful functions and easy-to-use interface make many developers choose to use Git for project management and collaboration. In this article, we will provide you with a Git server installation tutorial to help you quickly set up a Git server in a Linux system.

Before installing the Git server, we need to ensure that the system has the necessary dependencies installed. These dependencies include:

1. Git client
2. SSH client and server
3. If you use the HTTPS protocol to connect to Git, you need to install a web server such as Apache or Nginx
4. Install Git Server

To install Git server, we can use the package manager to download and install.

• In Debian/Ubuntu system, run the following command:

  sudo apt-get update
  sudo apt-get install git-core

• In CentOS/RHEL system, run the following command:

  sudo yum install git

2. Configuring Git Server

Once the Git server is installed, we need to create a Git user to manage the Git repository.

• Create a new Git user:

  sudo adduser git

• Set a password for the new user:

  sudo passwd git

• Create a Git repository:

  sudo mkdir /opt/git
  sudo chown git:git /opt/git

• Initialize a Git repository:

  cd /opt/git
  sudo -u git git init --bare new_repo.git

  Here we choose to create a file named new_repo.git in the /opt/git directory of bare warehouse. A bare repository is a type of Git repository that does not include a working directory. It only contains version history and metadata from the Git repository.

3. Configure SSH service

SSH is the most widely used protocol in Git projects because it can provide a secure and encrypted connection. To configure the SSH service, we need to create an SSH key on the server and add it to the authorized_keys file of the newly created Git user.

• Switch to the home directory under the Git user:

  su - git
  cd ~/

• Create SSH key:

  ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -C "youremail@example.com"

• Add the SSH key to the authorized_keys file:

  cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
  chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

4. Test the Git server

Now the Git server is ready and we can use Git client to test if it works properly. Assuming you are using a Git client on another computer, then you can execute the following command to connect to the Git server you just created:

git clone git@yourservername:/opt/git/new_repo.git

This will clone the new_repo.git repository to the local computer and remotely Create a new branch on the Git server.

In this article, we provide a Git server installation tutorial to help you easily create your own Git server on a Linux system. After installing and configuring the Git server, you can use SSH protocol, HTTPS protocol, or other protocols to access your Git repository. I wish you a happy use!

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