How to use Python’s Turtle to create your own starry sky

Turtle Basics

Turtle is an important package (built-in package) for drawing in Python, which contains a wealth of drawing tools and drawings Various functions, when you learn to draw with Turtle, you can draw any pattern you want

1.1 Turtle Drawing Board

Turtle’s drawing board can be of any size Use the turtle.screensize() function to set

turtle.screensize(width,height,bg)：设置画板的大小，包含长和宽，width为宽，height为高，bg为画布颜色

1.2 Turtle brush

Turtle’s brush has several commonly used functions

①turtle.penup()：抬起画笔，此时移动画笔不会在画布上留下痕迹哦
②turtle.pendown()：放下画笔，与turtle.penup相对应，放下画笔后就可以继续画画了（放下画笔后画画会在画布上留下痕迹）
③turtle.pensize()：控制画笔的大小（可以根据需求自行定义画笔的大小哦）
④turtle.pencolor()：控制画笔的颜色（可以自己在网上查阅所有python可以使用的颜色，python里面可以用的颜色有很多的哦）
⑤turtle.hideturtle()：隐藏画笔（隐藏画笔以后画图时画笔就看不到了）

1.3 Turtle drawing

In the process of drawing, we often use some simple movement functions

①turtle.forward(x)：将画笔向前移动x个像素（x可以理解为距离）
②turtle.backward(x)：将画笔向后退x个像素（x可以理解为距离）
③turtle.left(n)：将画笔向左旋转n度
④turtle.right(n)：将画笔向右旋转n度
⑤turtle.speed()：设置画笔画图的速度（1~10递增，0最快）

1.4 Turtle coloring

After drawing the picture, we often need to fill it with color. Here we can use the turtle.fillcolor() function and write the color you want to fill in the brackets.
When using the turtle.fillcolor() function, pay attention to its basic format

turtle.beginfill()     #开始填充
turtle.fillcolor()      #输入填充的颜色
turtle.endfill()        #结束填充

1.5 Turtle writing

After completing the entire drawing, We can use the turtle.write() function to write

turtle.write(" ",move,align,font)
① 第一个位置双引号内填入要写的字
② move（可选）：在默认情况下，move为false。如果move为true，则笔将移动到右下角
③ align（可选）：可取值是left即左、center即中、right即右之一，是字符串格式
④ font（可选）：字体三元组（fontname、fontsize、fonttype），fontname即字体名称（字符串格式，如“宋体”），fontsize即字体大小），fonttype即字体类型如：normal（普通）、bold（粗体）、italic（斜体）

Simulate the starry sky

After briefly understanding the turtle, let us simulate the starry sky together!

Simulated planet

We regard each planet as a particle, each particle is represented by a small turtle, and each planet is generated by cloning the turtle

t=tu.Turtle(visible=False,shape='circle')
t.pencolor("white")
t.fillcolor("white")
t.penup()
t.goto(ra.randint(width/2,width),ra.randint(-height/2,height/2))
for i in range(99):
    star=t.clone()
    s=ra.uniform(0,1)/3
    star.shapesize(s,s)
    star.speed(ra.randint(2,5))
    star.setx(ra.randint(width/2,width))
    star.sety(ra.randint(-height/2,height/2))
    star.showturtle()
    stars.append(star)

Romantic Starry Sky

Simulate the starry sky through loops
When each planet disappears from the left, we re-add it to the right and continue the loop

while True:
    for star in stars:
        star.setx(star.xcor()-star.speed())
        if star.xcor()<-width/2:
            star.hideturtle()
            star.setx(ra.randint(width/2,width))
            star.sety(ra.randint(-height/2,height/2))
            star.showturtle()

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