What are javascript url escape characters?

JavaScript URL escape characters are used to escape some special characters in the URL to facilitate the correct transmission and parsing of the URL. These special characters include spaces, pound signs, percent signs, etc. If these characters appear directly in the URL, the browser may not be able to parse it correctly, resulting in an error.

In JavaScript, we can use functions such as encodeURI(), encodeURIcomponent(), decodeURI(), decodeURIComponent() to perform URL escaping and decoding operations. Let's introduce the usage and points of attention of these functions in detail:

1. encodeURI()

Parameters: Strings that need to be escaped.

Return value: Returns the escaped string.

Note: This function will escape all characters except spaces, letters, numbers, and some special characters. Therefore, it is useful when encoding the entire URL, but may not be very appropriate for encoding part of the URL.

Sample code:

var uri = "https://www.example.com/#section-1";
var encodedUri = encodeURI(uri);
console.log(encodedUri);

Output result:

https://www.example.com/%23section-1

2. encodeURIComponent()

Parameter: String that needs to be escaped .

Return value: Returns the escaped string.

Note: This function will escape all characters except letters, numbers and some special characters, including spaces. Therefore, it is useful when encoding part of a URL.

Sample code:

var uri = "https://www.example.com/?key=hello world";
var encodedUri = encodeURIComponent(uri);
console.log(encodedUri);

Output result:

https%3A%2F%2Fwww.example.com%2F%3Fkey%3Dhello%20world

3. decodeURI()

Parameters: The string that needs to be decoded.

Return value: Return the decoded string.

Note: This function is used to decode the URI encoded by the encodeURI() function.

Sample code:

var encodedUri = "https://www.example.com/%23section-1";
var uri = decodeURI(encodedUri);
console.log(uri);

Output result:

https://www.example.com/#section-1

4. decodeURIComponent()

Parameters: The string that needs to be decoded.

Return value: Return the decoded string.

Note: This function is used to decode the URI encoded by the encodeURIComponent() function.

Sample code:

var encodedUri = "https%3A%2F%2Fwww.example.com%2F%3Fkey%3Dhello%20world";
var uri = decodeURIComponent(encodedUri);
console.log(uri);

Output result:

https://www.example.com/?key=hello world

Summary: JavaScript URL escape characters are very practical in daily programming development and can help us correctly handle possible URLs. Special characters that appear to avoid unnecessary errors. It should be noted that when using related functions, you must choose the appropriate function to perform escaping and decoding operations according to the specific situation.

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