Why does golang not recommend cgo?

In the field of programming, Golang is getting more and more attention and love from developers, and its performance is particularly outstanding in large-scale high-concurrency scenarios. Golang is a programming language born to solve cross-language application scenarios. Its characteristics are static compilation, built-in garbage collection mechanism, high security, and high development efficiency. However, it also has its own shortcomings. Among them, it is a flaw of Golang that CGO is not recommended.

In Golang, CGO is a mechanism used to call the C language function library. It allows Golang code to call C language functions to use function libraries written in C language in Golang. Behind the CGO mechanism, it relies on libgcc_s.so and libc.so. These two libraries encapsulate the calls between C language library functions and Golang. Therefore, introducing CGO will increase the size of the executable file and cause the program to run relatively slowly. slow.

Generally speaking, Golang performs very well when processing data types such as strings, arrays, slices, and structures. However, when it needs to process a large amount of binary data such as images, audio, and video, its performance is not good. protrude. This requires the use of relevant library functions in C language for processing and returning the results to Golang. In this case, the CGO mechanism may be a solution.

However, it should be noted that the convenience brought by the CGO mechanism comes at the expense of program execution efficiency and security. On the one hand, CGO introduces pointer arithmetic in C language, which Golang cannot correctly check. Once errors occur when cross-using pointers, it will lead to security issues such as program crashes and data leaks. On the other hand, since the two libraries libgcc_s.so and libc.so need to be dynamically loaded before running the program, the startup speed of the program is slowed down, and it adds a certain degree of difficulty to program release, delivery and deployment.

It can be said that although CGO provides good solutions in specific scenarios, there are also many problems and risks. Therefore, Golang officials do not recommend developers to use the CGO mechanism in daily development. Unless necessary, such as special algorithm libraries, they will consider using CGO for development.

While solving the above problems, developers should make more use of Golang's own features, such as high concurrency, multi-threading, GC mechanism, etc., to maximize its performance. For situations where binary data such as images, audio and video need to be processed frequently, you can consider using other languages ​​to write corresponding processing modules, and then call them through the API provided by Golang to achieve the best performance and security.

In general, Golang is an efficient, safe, and easy-to-develop programming language. Its internal mechanisms and features are sufficient to solve most of the problems in developers' daily work. In contrast, although CGO provides a cross-language solution, it also increases certain risks and difficulties. Therefore, developers should make choices based on actual conditions, rationally utilize the advantages of Golang, and avoid unnecessary use of CGO.

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