Discuss various situations of byte conversion in Golang

Golang is a programming language that develops high performance, concurrency and maintainability. In Golang, the problem of byte conversion is also a problem that is often encountered, because in Golang, unlike other languages, byte is indeed an independent data type. Therefore, in actual coding, we need to master the mutual conversion methods between byte and other commonly used data types in order to better process data.

This article will discuss various situations of byte conversion in Golang, the functions involved and their usage, and how we should use these functions correctly in actual development.

1. Mutual conversion between byte and string

In Golang, byte and string are the two most commonly used types. Since byte is the smallest unit of data, it is very commonly used in Golang, and string is an essential type for text processing modules. Therefore, in actual development, we often need to convert between byte and string.

To convert byte type to string type, you can use the string() function. For example:

b := []byte{'g', 'o', 'l', 'a', 'n', 'g'}
s := string(b)
fmt.Println(s) //输出"golang"

The []byte() function can be used to convert string type into byte type. For example:

s := "golang"
b := []byte(s)
fmt.Println(b) //输出[103 111 108 97 110 103]

2. Mutual conversion between byte, int, and uint

In Golang, conversion between byte, int, and uint types is also often used. In actual development, it is often necessary to transmit data through byte and convert the byte into int or uint type at the receiving end.

The int() function can be used to convert the byte type into the int type. After converting byte to int, we can get the ASCII code value of the number represented by byte. For example:

b := byte('a')
i := int(b)
fmt.Println(i) //输出97

The uint() function can be used to convert the byte type into the uint type. For example:

b := byte(255)
u := uint(b)
fmt.Println(u) //输出255

Int type can be converted to byte type using the byte() function. For example:

i := 97
b := byte(i)
fmt.Println(b) //输出97

Uint type can be converted to byte type using the byte() function. For example:

u := uint(255)
b := byte(u)
fmt.Println(b) //输出255

It should be noted that when the integer type integer is greater than 255, conversion to byte type will cause the precision to be lost, and only the lower eight digits will be retained. Similarly, when the integer of uint type is greater than 255, the high-order numbers will be discarded.

3. Mutual conversion between byte and bool types

In Golang, the values ​​of bool type are only true and false. However, in some cases, we need to convert the bool type value to the byte type. At this time, true can be converted to 1, and false can be converted to 0.

To convert bool type to byte type, you can use the byte() function. For example:

b := true
var v byte
if b {
    v = 1
} else {
    v = 0
}
fmt.Println(v) //输出1

Converting the byte type to the bool type is determined by the specific actual situation. We often need to determine whether the byte is 0 or 1, and then convert it to the bool type through the if statement. For example:

b := byte(1)
var v bool
if b == 1 {
    v = true
} else {
    v = false
}
fmt.Println(v) //输出true

4, mutual conversion between byte and float32 and float64

In Golang, conversion between byte and float32 and float64 types is also very common. We usually need to transmit data through byte, and the receiver needs to convert the byte into float32 or float64 type.

To convert the byte type to the float32 type, you can use the math.Float32frombits() function. For example:

b := []byte{222, 162, 163, 66}
f := math.Float32frombits(binary.LittleEndian.Uint32(b))
fmt.Println(f) //输出3.14

To convert the byte type to the float64 type, you can use the math.Float64frombits() function. For example:

b := []byte{35, 224, 71, 66, 235, 81, 184, 64}
f := math.Float64frombits(binary.LittleEndian.Uint64(b))
fmt.Println(f) //输出3.141592653589793

It should be noted that when using the math.Float32frombits() and math.Float64frombits() functions to convert the byte type to float32 and float64 types, binary.LittleEndian.Uint32() and binary must be used .LittleEndian.Uint64() function to convert the byte order of the byte array, otherwise precision errors may occur.

To convert float32 type to byte type, you can use the math.Float32bits() function. For example:

f := float32(3.14)
b := make([]byte, 4)
binary.LittleEndian.PutUint32(b, math.Float32bits(f))
fmt.Println(b) //输出[222 162 163 66]

To convert float64 type to byte type, you can use the math.Float64bits() function. For example:

f := float64(3.141592653589793)
b := make([]byte, 8)
binary.LittleEndian.PutUint64(b, math.Float64bits(f))
fmt.Println(b) //输出[35 224 71 66 235 81 184 64]

When using math.Float32bits() and math.Float64bits() functions to convert float32 and float64 types into byte types, you need to call binary.LittleEndian.PutUint32() and binary.LittleEndian.PutUint64( ) function to ensure that the byte order of the byte array is correct.

Summary

In Golang, the byte type is widely used. We need to be proficient in the mutual conversion methods between byte and other common types in order to better process data. This article introduces in detail the mutual conversion methods and corresponding functions between byte and string, int, uint, bool, float32 and float64. I hope it will be helpful to everyone.

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