How to install other libraries in golang

When using Golang for development, we often need to use some third-party libraries to help us complete some work, such as operating databases, network programming, encryption and decryption, JSON parsing, etc. It can be said that these third-party libraries provide us with rich functions and convenient development experience, and at the same time speed up the development of our projects.

Before using these third-party libraries, we need to install them into our machine first so that we can develop. Next, I will introduce how to install other libraries in Golang, and use several commonly used libraries as examples to explain.

1. Install Golang package

First, we need to use the go get command to download the third-party library to the local. Taking the installation of the commonly used web framework gin as an example, the sample code is as follows:

go get -u github.com/gin-gonic/gin

Among them, the -u parameter indicates updating the package to its latest version. After executing this command, the package will be downloaded to the $GOPATH/src directory.

2. Install C language library

Some third-party libraries are written in C language, such as librdkafka. At this time, we need to install the C language development environment and its related libraries before the installation can be carried out smoothly. The following takes Ubuntu as an example to introduce the installation steps.

First, we need to install the gcc compiler and make tool:

sudo apt-get install build-essential

Then, install librdkafka:

sudo apt-get install librdkafka-dev

Then, we can use the go get command to install the relevant Golang package. The sample code is as follows:

go get -u github.com/confluentinc/confluent-kafka-go/kafka

Among them, confluent-kafka-go is written in C language Golang wrapper of librdkafka.

3. Install other language libraries

Some third-party libraries are written in other languages ​​(such as Python, C, etc.), and we need to use other commands to install them. For example, to install the NumPy library of the Python language, we can use the following command to install it:

pip3 install numpy

When used in Golang, we can use cgo to call it. The sample code is as follows:

/*
#cgo CFLAGS: -I/usr/include/python2.7
#cgo LDFLAGS: -L/usr/lib/python2.7/config-x86_64-linux-gnu -lpython2.7
#include <Python.h>
void callPython()
{
    Py_Initialize();
    PyRun_SimpleString("print('Hello from Python!')");
    Py_Finalize();
}
*/
import "C"
func main() {
    C.callPython()
}

Among them, the part starting with #cgo is the CGO instruction, which is implemented internally using C language, and then uses CGO in the Go program to call the C language function.

Through the above three examples, we can see that when installing other languages ​​or C language libraries in Golang, we need to adopt different installation methods according to the actual situation and use CGO to make calls. Understanding and mastering these methods allows us to better develop Golang projects.

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