How to install php environment in linux

As an open source operating system, Linux system is very popular among developers. Because the Linux system is open source, free, safe and stable, and has a high degree of freedom, users can freely customize the system configuration, which can be said to provide developers with many advantages. This article will mainly introduce how to install the PHP environment in a Linux system so that developers can happily develop PHP.

Introduction

PHP is a scripting language widely used in network development. Through PHP, developers can quickly implement some dynamic interactive functions. I believe everyone already understands the basic features of PHP. Below we will introduce how to install a PHP environment on a Linux system.

Install PHP environment

In Linux systems, we can build a PHP environment by installing PHP core extensions and other additional libraries.

Introduction to installation methods

There are usually three ways to install PHP in a Linux system:

1. Directly use the PHP package provided by the distribution version
2. Install PHP through source code compilation
3. Install PHP using precompiled binary files

The first method is the simplest method, you only need to execute the corresponding installation command; The second method requires certain compilation and configuration knowledge, but you can change the compilation options for configuration before installation; the third method is generally not recommended because it may be unstable or missing some extensions.

In this article, we will introduce the first two installation methods.

PHP package installation provided by the distribution

The default repository of most Linux distributions will provide installation of PHP packages. This method is relatively simple, and you only need to use the corresponding tools to install it from the warehouse.

Debian/Ubuntu

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install php

CentOS/RHEL

sudo yum update
sudo yum install php

If you need to install a specific version of PHP, you can follow the command Specify the version number, for example:

Debian/Ubuntu

sudo apt-get install php7.4

CentOS/RHEL

sudo yum install php74

After the installation is complete, you can Execute php -v to verify whether PHP has been successfully installed. If it is successfully installed, the PHP version information will be displayed.

Source code compilation and installation

If you want to configure the PHP environment more freely, you need to install it through source code compilation. However, before doing this, you need to ensure that the development environment and other necessary software packages have been installed on the Linux system, such as gcc, make, libxml2-dev, libssl-dev etc.

After downloading and decompressing the source code file, enter the decompressed PHP directory and use the ./configure command to configure before compilation, for example:

./configure \
--prefix=/path/to/install \
--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/etc \
--with-mysql \
--with-apxs2

In the above command, --prefix=/path/to/install represents the PHP installation location, and --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/etc represents the storage location of the PHP configuration file , which facilitates subsequent management to a certain extent. For other configuration options, please refer to PHP's official documentation.

After the configuration is completed, use the make command to compile. This command will compile the PHP source code and generate the corresponding executable file. After compilation, use the make install command to install it, which will copy the compiled PHP file to the specified location. After completing the installation, you need to manually create the PHP ini configuration file php.ini.

Environment configuration

After PHP is installed, certain environment configuration is required to improve development efficiency.

php.ini configuration file

The environment configuration file of PHP is php.ini, through which we can perform some basic configurations of PHP. In the past, php.ini was usually located in the /usr/local/etc/php.ini or /etc/php.ini directory, but with different The distribution version appears, the current file path may be different. It can be confirmed by the php.ini configuration file path in the information output by the phpinfo() function.

PHP extension

During the running process of PHP, some additional functions can be achieved through PHP extension packages. These extension packages can generally be installed through the package manager. But if you need to install some extensions that are not included in the extension package provided by the package manager, you need to use the PECL tool to build the extension module.

sudo apt-get install php-pear
sudo pecl install <扩展名>

After installing the extension, you need to configure it in php.ini before it can be used.

Conclusion

Installing a PHP environment is a very common requirement among developers using Linux systems. By installing through the two methods introduced in this article, you can easily set up a PHP environment, making the development process easier and worry-free. I hope that the introduction in this article can help everyone better understand and use PHP.

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