Common uses of Java date classes

Date related classes

1.Date class

Contains a Date class in the standard Java class library, its object represents a specific moment, accurate to milliseconds. When placing an order in the online mall and reviewing the reimbursement form, you need to obtain the current time, which can be accomplished through the Date class.

Example: Use of Date class

package li.normalclass.date;
 
import java.util.Date;
 
public class TestDate {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //获取当前的时间 格式为 yyyyMMddhhmmss
        Date date = new Date();//相当于new Date(System.currentTimeMillis())
        //操作当前的时间
        System.out.println(date.toString());//Sat Aug 06 19:15:28 CST 2022
        System.out.println(date.toLocaleString());//2022-8-6 19:16:06
        System.out.println(System.currentTimeMillis());//计算从1970年1月1日 0：00：00到目前为止的毫秒数
        System.out.println(date.getYear());//122  =2022-1900
        System.out.println(date.getMonth());//7   0-11   现在是八月
        System.out.println(date.getDate());//6 日
        System.out.println(date.getDay());//6   当前为星期六   注：星期日为0
        System.out.println(date.getHours());//19    当前为19点
        System.out.println(date.getMinutes());//26  当前为26分
        System.out.println(date.getSeconds());//16  当前为16秒
        System.out.println(date.getTime());//1659785176358  计算从1970年1月1日 0：00：00到目前为止的毫秒数
 
        //获取当前的时间 格式为 yyyyMMdd
        java.sql.Date sdate = new java.sql.Date(System.currentTimeMillis());
        System.out.println(sdate.toString());//2022-08-06
 
        java.sql.Date sdate2 = java.sql.Date.valueOf("1896-9-10");
        System.out.println(sdate2.toString());//1896-09-10
 
    }
}

Looking at the API documentation, you can see that many methods in the Date class are obsolete. Date before JDK1.1 included operations such as date operations and converting strings into objects. After JDK1.1, date operation classes generally use the Calendar class, and string conversion uses the DateFormat class.

2.DateFormat class

Format: format

DateFormat is an abstract class, which is generally implemented using its subclass SimpleDateFormat class. The main function is to convert the time object into a string in a specified format. On the contrary, it is to convert the string in the specified format into a time object.

String----->Date

Date----->String

Example:

package li.normalclass.date;
 
import java.text.*;
import java.util.Date;
 
/**
 * 主要操作：
 *   DateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");//指定识别的格式
 *
 *   Date date = sdf.parse(strdate);//将字符串转换成日期
 *
 *   String strdate2 = sdf.format(date);//将日期转换成字符串
 */
public class TestDateFormat {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ParseException {
        String strdate = "1999-12-23 12:12:12";//字符串
 
        //String---->Date
        //DateFormat是抽象类，要实例化只能引用它的子类SimpleDateFormat
        DateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");//指定识别的格式
        Date date = sdf.parse(strdate);//将字符串转换成日期
 
        String strdate2 = sdf.format(date);//将日期转换成字符串
        System.out.println(strdate2);
        
    }
}

3.Calendar class

Calendar: Calendar

Example:

package li.normalclass.date;
 
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.GregorianCalendar;
 
public class TestCalendar {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //获取当前的时间
        Calendar cal = new GregorianCalendar();
        // 输出当前的时间
        System.out.println(cal);
        //java.util.GregorianCalendar[time=1659791839017,areFieldsSet=true,areAllFieldsSet=true,lenient=true,zone=sun.util.calendar.ZoneInfo[id="Asia/Shanghai",offset=28800000,dstSavings=0,useDaylight=false,transitions=31,lastRule=null],firstDayOfWeek=1,minimalDaysInFirstWeek=1,ERA=1,YEAR=2022,MONTH=7,WEEK_OF_YEAR=32,WEEK_OF_MONTH=1,DAY_OF_MONTH=6,DAY_OF_YEAR=218,DAY_OF_WEEK=7,DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_MONTH=1,AM_PM=1,HOUR=9,HOUR_OF_DAY=21,MINUTE=17,SECOND=19,MILLISECOND=17,ZONE_OFFSET=28800000,DST_OFFSET=0]
 
        System.out.println(cal.get(Calendar.YEAR));//2022
        System.out.println(cal.get(Calendar.MONTH));//7   0~11  7代表8月
        System.out.println(cal.get(Calendar.DATE));//6   代表6号
        System.out.println(cal.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK));//7  代表周六  从周日为1开始计算一周
 
        //改变时间
        cal.set(Calendar.DATE,1);//直接指定日期  1号
        cal.set(Calendar.MONTH,1);//直接指定月数  2月
        cal.add(Calendar.DATE,2);//在设置的日期上再加上两天
        System.out.println(cal.get(Calendar.YEAR));//2022 --  22年
        System.out.println(cal.get(Calendar.MONTH));//1 --  2月
        System.out.println(cal.get(Calendar.DATE));//3 --  3号
        System.out.println(cal.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK));//5 -- 周四
        System.out.println(cal.getActualMaximum(Calendar.DATE));//28 -- 指定月一共有多少天
    }
 
}

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