How to debug golang deployment

With the widespread application of golang in actual development, more and more developers are beginning to pay attention to how to debug the deployment of golang applications. In this article, we will share some practical tips and best practices on how to debug golang deployment to help you better understand and apply them to actual development projects.

1. Build and test the application in the local environment
Before deploying the code to the server, you need to test and build in the local environment. During this process, you can use some common golang debugging tools for code debugging.

• GDB Debugger
  GDB is a commonly used open source tool for debugging programs. It can help you trace and set breakpoints at runtime, view variables and memory, etc., and help you solve problems. Various problems in the program. For debugging of golang applications, you can generate the symbol table by adding the -g flag when compiling, and then use GDB for debugging.
• Delve Debugger
  Delve is a debugger specially designed for golang developers. It supports user-friendly interactive interface, setting breakpoints, monitoring variables and coroutines and other functions. You can use Delve to debug golang applications in a local environment and view information such as runtime stacks and variables to help you understand the interaction between the program and the operating system.

2. Use CGO and CGO_ENABLED variables
CGO is the interface in golang for calling C language code. By using CGO, you can call dynamic libraries and other external C functions in golang applications to extend the functionality of golang applications. However, there may be some problems when compiling CGO, such as library files cannot be found, C code and golang code cannot be organized, etc. To solve these problems, you can use the CGO_ENABLED variable to control the CGO compilation process.

CGO_ENABLED=0 means disabling CGO and using pure golang to compile.

CGO_ENABLED=1, indicating using CGO compilation.

CGO_ENABLED=auto means automatically detecting whether CGO compilation is required.

By using CGO and the CGO_ENABLED variable, you can better control the CGO compilation process and solve problems caused by CGO.

3. Use logs for problem tracking and debugging
The log is a tool that records program execution status and error information in text form. Using logging technology in Golang applications can help you track exceptions during code execution, such as errors and exception information. You can use the information in log files to understand problems in your application and resolve them quickly.

In golang, you can use the log package to record log information. In code, you can print logs through functions such as log.Printf or log.Println, and write the output information to standard output or a file. In the deployment environment, you can use the tail command to view log output content in real time, and the logrotate command to set the retention period of log files to ensure log storage and management. At the same time, you can also use professional log analysis tools, such as Elasticsearch, Logstash, Kibana, etc., to better analyze and manage log information.

4. Use the distributed tracing system to monitor applications
The distributed tracing system is a tool for finding and solving distributed application anomalies. It tracks and monitors application performance and anomalies across different tiers and components, and provides technical operations staff with real-time information and alerts. In golang applications, you can use tracking systems such as open source Zipkin or Jaeger to record and analyze the application's performance metrics.

When deploying a golang application, you can start the tracker and send tracking information to the tracking system by adding the OpenTracing API tracking code to the program. By using a tracing system such as Zipkin or Jaeger, you can better understand your application's call chain and performance bottlenecks, and optimize your golang application in a targeted manner.

5. Use Profiling tools for performance tuning
Performance tuning is an important task for golang application deployment and optimization. Performance analysis and tuning tools can be used to identify performance and optimization bottlenecks. In golang, you can use the pprof package and go tool pprof command line tool to analyze and optimize the performance of golang applications.

The pprof package is a tool package in golang for analyzing and optimizing program performance. It provides tools for analyzing program CPU and memory usage. By inserting pprof code into your application, you can record the program's performance metrics and export a pprof file. Then, you can use the go tool pprof command line tool to view the contents of the pprof file and perform targeted optimization.

Conclusion
In this article, we shared some practical tips and best practices to help you debug problems encountered when deploying golang. By using these tips, you can better understand and master golang application development and deployment, and develop more stable and efficient golang applications.

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