How to convert template string to array in php

In PHP, template strings are often used to replace some variables. This method can improve coding efficiency and readability to a certain extent, but it is more troublesome when processing data. Therefore, many people often encounter some problems, such as how to convert template strings into PHP arrays to better process data. In this article, we will discuss how to achieve this transformation.

First, we need to understand the concept of template strings. A template string is a string that contains placeholders that can be replaced by specific values. For example, the following is a simple template string:

Hello, {{name}}. Your age is {{age}}.

In the above string, {{name}} and {{age}} are two placeholders, we can replace them with specific values, such as:

$name = 'Tom';
$age = 18;
$str = 'Hello, '.$name.'. Your age is '.$age.'.';

In this way, we will get the final string. However, if we need to deal with more complex data, such as a set of user information, then manually replacing placeholders becomes very difficult. Therefore, converting the template string into an array is a better way.

We assume there is a list of users. Each user contains three fields: name, age and gender. Our template string is as follows:

Dear {{name}}, you are {{age}} years old and your gender is {{gender}}.

We need to convert it into a PHP array, as follows Shown:

$data = array(
    array(
        'name' => 'Alice',
        'age' => 20,
        'gender' => 'female'
    ),
    array(
        'name' => 'Bob',
        'age' => 25,
        'gender' => 'male'
    ),
    array(
        'name' => 'Cathy',
        'age' => 30,
        'gender' => 'female'
    )
);

Below, we will introduce a method to achieve this conversion, the specific steps are as follows:

1. Use regular expressions to match placeholders. In the above example, we can use /{{(.*?)}}/ to match the placeholder. The meaning of this regular expression is that it starts with {{ and ends with }}, and the content in the middle can be any character (except newline characters).
2. Save the matched placeholders into an array.
3. Traverse the data and replace the placeholders with specific values. You can use the str_replace() function to achieve this step.

The following is the complete code implementation:

function template_string_to_array($str, $data) {
    preg_match_all('/{{(.*?)}}/', $str, $matches);
    $placeholders = $matches[0];
    $keys = $matches[1];
    $result = array();
    foreach ($data as $item) {
        $item_data = array();
        foreach ($keys as $key) {
            $value = isset($item[$key]) ? $item[$key] : '';
            $item_data[$key] = $value;
        }
        $result[] = str_replace($placeholders, $item_data, $str);
    }
    return $result;
}

$str = 'Dear {{name}}, you are {{age}} years old and your gender is {{gender}}.';
$data = array(
    array(
        'name' => 'Alice',
        'age' => 20,
        'gender' => 'female'
    ),
    array(
        'name' => 'Bob',
        'age' => 25,
        'gender' => 'male'
    ),
    array(
        'name' => 'Cathy',
        'age' => 30,
        'gender' => 'female'
    )
);
$result = template_string_to_array($str, $data);
print_r($result);

Run the above code, you can get the following output:

Array(
    [0] => Dear Alice, you are 20 years old and your gender is female.
    [1] => Dear Bob, you are 25 years old and your gender is male.
    [2] => Dear Cathy, you are 30 years old and your gender is female.
)

In this way, we can convert the template string Convert to an array and then process the data more conveniently. It should be noted that when using regular expressions to match placeholders, you need to pay attention to the performance issues of regular expressions to avoid affecting the efficiency of the program.

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