How to use tar package to install MySQL in Linux

There are actually many ways to install the MySQL database on Linux systems. This article will introduce one of them - using a tar package to install MySQL.

1. Preparation

Before starting the installation, you need to prepare the following:

1. For a stable Linux version, it is recommended to choose CentOS7 and above.
2. The necessary tools have been installed, such as gcc, make, etc.
3. After downloading the MySQL tar package, you can download the latest version of the Linux-Generic version of the tar package from the official website (https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/).

2. Installation steps

1. Extract the tar package

Use the following command to decompress the MySQL tar package:

tar -xzvf mysql-xxx.tar.gz

After decompression, you will get a mysql-xxx folder. Next, go into that folder.

2. Create the users and groups required for MySQL

MySQL usually needs to run under a separate user and group, which can be created using the following command:

groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

Among them, mysql is the name of the user and group.

3. Configure compilation parameters and compile and install

Enter the mysql-xxx folder, enter the following command in the terminal to start configuring compilation parameters:

cmake . \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DENABLE_DTRACE=0 \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=OFF \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost

Among them, the meaning of each parameter is as follows:

-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX: MySQL installation directory, the default is /usr/local/mysql.

-DMYSQL_DATADIR: MySQL data file storage directory, the default is /usr/local/mysql/data.

-DSYSCONFDIR: MySQL configuration file storage directory, the default is /etc.

-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1: Enable the MyISAM storage engine.

-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1: Enable InnoDB storage engine.

-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1: Enable Archive storage engine.

-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1: Enable Blackhole storage engine.

-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1: Enable loading data files from local.

-DENABLE_DTRACE=0: Disable the DTrace function.

-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8: The default character set is utf8.

-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci: The default character set is utf8_general_ci.

-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=OFF: Turn off the embedded server.

-DWITH_BOOST=boost: Use boost library.

After executing the above command, the compilation process starts. You need to wait patiently for a while.

After the compilation is completed, use the following command to install:

make && make install

After the installation is completed, check the installation situation and initialize the MySQL database:

cd /usr/local/mysql
ls
./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

After the initialization is completed, start MySQL:

./bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

3. Summary

This article briefly introduces the steps to install MySQL using tar packages, and provides a commonly used compilation parameter configuration. In actual use, it needs to be adjusted according to specific conditions. In addition, there are other ways to install MySQL software, such as using RPM packages, Yum packages, etc. This article does not introduce them in detail.

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