Let's talk about how to install Oracle database on Linux

This article will introduce how to install Oracle database on Linux.

1. Install necessary software packages

Before installing the Oracle database, you need to install some necessary software packages. The following are sample commands to install these packages on CentOS 7:

$ sudo yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ libaio-devel glibc-common glibc-devel

2. Creating Oracle users and groups

In order for the Oracle database to be bound to the operating system, it is required Create an Oracle user and group. Here is a sample command to create these users and groups on CentOS 7:

$ sudo groupadd -g 1001 oinstall
$ sudo groupadd -g 1002 dba
$ sudo useradd -u 1001 -g oinstall -G dba oracle
$ sudo passwd oracle

Here we have created a group named oinstall and a group named dba group and created a user named oracle and assigned it to the oinstall group and the dba group.

3. Download Oracle database software and patches

Before installing the Oracle database, you need to download the required software packages. You can download it from the Oracle official website, and then download the following two software packages respectively:

• Oracle Database 19c software
• Oracle Database 19c patch

After downloading , extract them to the installation directory, such as /opt.

4. Set the environment variables for the Oracle user

In order to use the Oracle database software, the environment variables for the Oracle user must be set. Add the following content in the ~/.bashrc file:

export ORACLE_SID=ORCL
export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19c/dbhome_1
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

Here, we set the environment variables ORACLE_SID, ORACLE_BASE, ORACLE_HOME, LD_LIBRARY_PATH, and PATH.

5. Run the Oracle installer

After setting the environment variables, you can run the Oracle installer. Change to the directory where the Oracle installer is located, and then run the following command:

$ sudo ./runInstaller

Run this command to start installing the Oracle database software. Follow the installer's instructions. The installer may need to install some missing packages or library files.

6. Configuring the Oracle database

After the installation program is completed, you can start configuring the Oracle database. You can connect to the database using Oracle's free tool SQL*Plus. Enter the following command in the terminal:

$ sqlplus sys as sysdba

and then enter the password you are trying to connect to. Next, you can create a new database instance named ORCL:

SQL> create database ORCL;

After creating the new database, you can create a new tablespace and user to prepare the database.

7. Starting and stopping Oracle services

After completing configuring the Oracle database, you can use the following commands to start and stop the Oracle services:

$ sudo systemctl start oracle
$ sudo systemctl stop oracle

Here, We use the systemctl command to start and stop the service. Other methods of starting and stopping services are available, depending on the installation method and operating system version.

Summary

In this article, we introduced how to install Oracle database on Linux. You need to install the necessary packages and then create Oracle users and groups. Then, download the Oracle database software and patches, and set the environment variables. You can then run the Oracle installer and follow the instructions. After the installer is complete, you can begin configuring the database instance and starting and stopping Oracle services.

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