In-depth understanding of the run method in Golang

Go is a fast, reliable and open source programming language. The Go language is used for building efficient and scalable web servers and system programming through its efficient concurrency and garbage collector and the speed of C. Let’s take a deeper look at the run method in Golang.

run()The method is an important method in golang and can be used to create new coroutines and communicate across goroutines. In the Go runtime system, Go programs can run multiple goroutines. This mechanism can greatly improve concurrency performance. However, if communication is required between multiple goroutines, the run() method must be used.

run() method is a function that starts a new goroutine in goroutine. It has the following syntax:

func run(f func())

Among them, the parameter f is a function type, indicating the function to be executed in the new goroutine.

Let us show the use of the run() method through the following code:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "sync"
)

func main() {
    var wg sync.WaitGroup
    
    wg.Add(2) 

    //启动一个新的协程
    go run(func() {
        defer wg.Done()

        fmt.Println("执行协程1")
    })
    //启动另外一个新的协程
    go run(func() {
        defer wg.Done()

        fmt.Println("执行协程2")
    })

    wg.Wait()

    fmt.Println("所有协程执行完成")
}

In this example, we first created it through the sync package A WaitGroup objectwg, used to synchronize the execution sequence of goroutine. Then, we set the number of waiting goroutines through the wg.Add(2) method. Here, we set the number of waiting goroutines to 2.

Next, we use the go run() method to start a new goroutine from the main() function. Among them, we passed a function parameter, indicating that it is waiting to be called by a new goroutine. In this example, we define an anonymous function that prints a simple message. In addition, we also started a second goroutine to complete the same task.

After the goroutine completes the task, we call the wg.Done() method to notify the WaitGroup object that the goroutine has completed the task. Finally, we wait for all goroutines to be executed through the wg.Wait() method. Only when the wg.Wait() method is executed can the message "All coroutines have been executed completed" be output.

In short, the run() method is an important function in golang to start a new coroutine. It allows us to more easily manage multiple threads in concurrent situations, and through the goroutine communication mechanism, we can avoid the problem of race conditions caused by shared state. This is a crucial approach for Go applications that need to handle concurrency efficiently.

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