How to modify routing in golang

In a web application, routing refers to the code snippet that locates the application based on the requested URL. It is very easy to modify routing in Golang. This article will introduce how to use Golang to modify routing to create your own web application.

To understand how to modify routing, we need a code base to handle HTTP requests. The net/http package from the standard library can be used for this purpose. We also need to use the gorilla/mux package, which provides a more advanced routing mechanism.

First, we need to install the gorilla/mux package. Install using the following command:

go get -u github.com/gorilla/mux

Next, we will look at an example using the gorilla/mux package that contains two routes:

package main
  
import (
    "encoding/json"
    "log"
    "net/http"
 
    "github.com/gorilla/mux"
)
 
type Product struct {
    ID    string  `json:"id"`
    Name  string  `json:"name"`
    Price float64 `json:"price"`
}
  
var products []Product
  
func getProducts(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
    json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(products)
}
  
func getProduct(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
    params := mux.Vars(r)
    for _, item := range products {
        if item.ID == params["id"] {
            json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(item)
            return
        }
    }
    json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(&Product{})
}
  
func main() {
    router := mux.NewRouter()
 
    products = append(products, Product{ID: "1", Name: "Product 1", Price: 29.99})
    products = append(products, Product{ID: "2", Name: "Product 2", Price: 39.99})
    products = append(products, Product{ID: "3", Name: "Product 3", Price: 49.99})
 
    router.HandleFunc("/products", getProducts).Methods("GET")
    router.HandleFunc("/products/{id}", getProduct).Methods("GET")
 
    log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(":8000", router))
}

In the above example, we created Two handler functions: getProducts and getProduct. The first function gets all the products and sends them back to the client. The second function gets a single product, which can be looked up by ID. We also define routes for each handler function, this can be done by using router.HandleFunc and .Methods methods.

We can see that in the second route, there is a parameter {id}, which is used to pass the ID in the URL. This parameter is obtained from the URL through the mux.Vars function.

Finally, the main function defines the HTTP server and its port, which uses the gorilla/mux package to create routes. When we run the application, it starts an HTTP server and listens on port 8000.

Now that we have created our route and defined the handler function, we just need to use the http.HandleFunc and http.ListenAndServe functions to listen for all requests on port 8000.

Summary

Through the above example, we can see that it is very easy to modify routing using Golang, and advanced routing functions can be more conveniently implemented using the gorilla/mux package.

We can use similar methods to add new routes or change existing routes. This allows us to create complex web applications quickly and without much coding or learning curve.

So if you are building a web application, I recommend using Golang and the gorilla/mux package to modify routing and handle HTTP requests.

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