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How to implement the function of updating only some column data in Vue.js
- PHPzOriginal
- 2023-04-13 10:46:241089browse
In actual project development, we often face such a situation: we need to query data based on certain conditions, but we only want to update some of the columns, not all of them. At this time, we can use Vue.js to build a simple front-end application and implement data query and update through AJAX technology.
This article introduces how to implement the function of updating only part of the column data in Vue.js.
Step 1: Preparation
First, we need to prepare a database and write the corresponding API on the server side so that the front-end application can interact with the server side. In this article, we assume a MySQL database and write the API using Node.js and the Express framework.
Assume that our database has a users table, which contains the following fields:
- id - the user's unique identifier, a self-increasing integer
- name - User name, string type
- email - user email, string type
- phone - user phone, string type
We hope to achieve the following functions:
- Query all the user's information based on the user's name;
- can update the user's email and phone number, but other information is not allowed to be modified.
In order to realize this function, we need to implement the query and update functions respectively in the server-side API, and correspond to two routes respectively:
- GET /users/: name - Query user information based on user name;
- PUT /users/:id - Update user information.
Since the focus of this article is on the front-end implementation, we will not discuss more about the server-side implementation method. Interested readers can refer to other related materials.
Step 2: Build a front-end application
Next, we will use Vue.js to build a front-end application and interact with data through AJAX technology and server-side API.
First, we need to introduce Vue.js and jQuery libraries into the HTML file. The code is as follows:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Vue.js Demo</title>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.6.0.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
<div>
<label>用户名：</label>
<input type="text" v-model="name">
<button @click="search">查询</button>
</div>
<div v-if="result">
<label>邮箱：</label>
<input type="text" v-model="result.email" :disabled="loading">
<label>电话：</label>
<input type="text" v-model="result.phone" :disabled="loading">
<button @click="update">更新</button>
</div>
<div v-else>
{{ message }}
</div>
</div>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/axios/dist/axios.min.js"></script>
<script src="app.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
In the HTML file, we define a div element with the id "app" as The mount point for the Vue.js instance. In this div, we use the template syntax and instructions of Vue.js to implement the following functions:
- Bind the value of the input element to the name attribute of the Vue.js instance;
- When the query button is clicked, the search method is called;
- The v-if instruction dynamically displays the query results or error prompts based on the result attribute value of the Vue.js instance, and the result and message attributes store the query results and error messages respectively. The content of the error message;
- Bind the value of the input element to the email and phone fields of the query result, and disable the input element while loading;
- When the update button is clicked, the update method is called.
It should be noted that we introduced the axios library in the HTML file, which is a Promise-based HTTP client that can be used to send AJAX requests.
Next, we write the code for the Vue.js instance in the app.js file. The code is as follows:
var app = new Vue({
el: "#app",
data: {
name: "",
result: null,
message: "",
loading: false,
},
methods: {
search: function() {
var self = this;
self.loading = true;
self.result = null;
self.message = "正在加载...";
axios.get("/api/users/" + self.name).then(function(res) {
self.loading = false;
if (res.data.status === 0) {
self.result = res.data.result;
self.message = "";
} else {
self.message = res.data.message;
}
}).catch(function() {
self.loading = false;
self.message = "加载失败，请重试";
});
},
update: function() {
var self = this;
var data = {
email: self.result.email,
phone: self.result.phone,
};
axios.put("/api/users/" + self.result.id, data).then(function(res) {
if (res.data.status === 0) {
alert("更新成功");
} else {
alert(res.data.message);
}
}).catch(function() {
alert("更新失败，请重试");
});
},
},
});
In the app.js file, we first define the Vue.js instance Data attributes, including:
- name: stores query conditions entered by the user (i.e. user name);
- result: stores query results;
- message: stores errors Tip;
- loading: Identifies whether data is currently being loaded.
Then, we defined two methods:
- search: send an AJAX request, query user information based on the user name, and update the data attributes based on the query results;
- update: Send an AJAX request, update user information, and pop up a prompt box.
It should be noted that we use the axios library when sending AJAX requests. According to the API implementation method, you can use the axios.get or axios.put method with corresponding parameters to implement query and Updated features.
Finally, we mount the front-end application by creating a Vue.js instance.
Step 3: Test the application
Now, we can start the server, access the HTML file, and test the application.
First, enter the user name on the page and click the query button. If the query is successful, the email and phone input boxes of the query results will be automatically filled with the user's email and phone information. If the query fails, an error message will be displayed.
Then, we can modify the email and phone information, and click the update button to perform the update operation. After the update is successful, a prompt box will pop up.
Summary
In this article, we introduced through an example how to use Vue.js and AJAX technology to implement the function of updating only part of the column data. Through this example, we can learn the following knowledge points:
- How to define data properties and methods in Vue.js;
- How to use template syntax and instructions to implement data binding and dynamic updates;
- How to use the axios library to send AJAX requests.
Of course, this article is only introduced based on a simple example. If these technologies need to be applied in actual projects, they need to be adjusted and improved according to the specific situation.
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