How to install and compile PHP

PHP is a server-side programming language used for developing dynamic websites and applications. As a developer, we need to install and compile PHP on our own computer or server for development and testing. In this article, I will explain to you how to install and compile PHP.

1. Why do we need to compile PHP?

Compilation is the process of converting source code into executable code. The source code of PHP is written in C language, so we need to compile it into a binary file to run on the server. Additionally, if we wish to use certain PHP extensions or custom compilation options, we need to compile PHP ourselves.

2. Install the tools required for compilation

Before starting to compile PHP, we need to install some necessary tools to ensure the smooth progress of the compilation process. These tools include:

1. C compiler: such as GCC or Clang
2. Autotools: including autoconf and automake
3. Bison and Flex: for generating parsers and lexers Parser
4. libxml2: for XML parsing
5. libssl-dev: for encrypting and decrypting SSH and SSL connections

You can use the following commands on Ubuntu Install these tools:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install build-essential autoconf libtool libssl-dev libxml2-dev bison flex

3. Download and decompress the PHP source code

After installing the tools required for compilation, we need to download the latest version of the PHP source code and decompress it. You can get the latest PHP source code on the PHP official website. After downloading, use the following command to decompress:

tar -xvzf php-7.4.10.tar.gz
cd php-7.4.10

After decompression is successful, we can enter the source code directory for the next step.

4. Configure PHP compilation options

Before starting compilation, we need to configure PHP compilation options. These options will determine PHP's functionality and performance. The following are some common compilation options:

1. --prefix=/usr/local/php: Specify the installation path of PHP
2. --with-mysql=/usr/bin/ mysql_config: Enable MySQL support and specify the path to the MySQL binary file
3. --with-pgsql=/usr/local/pgsql: Enable PostgreSQL support and specify the installation path of PostgreSQL
4. -- with-apxs2=/usr/bin/apxs2: Enable Apache module support and specify the path to the apxs2 binary
5. --enable-cli: Enable PHP command line mode
6. --enable- mbstring: Enable multi-byte string support
7. --enable-zip: Enable ZIP file processing support
8. --enable-bcmath: Enable arbitrary-precision math support

You can use the following command to configure:

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=/usr/bin/mysql_config \
--with-pgsql=/usr/local/pgsql --with-apxs2=/usr/bin/apxs2 --enable-cli \
--enable-mbstring --enable-zip --enable-bcmath

This is just an example, you need to adjust it according to your needs.

5. Compile and install

After the configuration options are completed, we can start compiling PHP. Use the following command to compile:

make

This will do some preprocessing and compilation and may take a while to complete. If no errors occur, we can continue with the installation. Use the following command to install:

sudo make install

This will install the compiled binaries and related library files into the specified path.

6. Test whether PHP is installed successfully

If everything goes well, we can test whether PHP is installed successfully. Use the following command to test:

/usr/local/php/bin/php -v

If PHP has been successfully installed, this command will display the current PHP version number.

7. Summary

Compiling PHP may take some time and patience, but the results are definitely worth it. By compiling PHP ourselves, we can choose the extensions and compilation options we need to meet our needs. I hope this article can help you install and compile PHP smoothly.

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