How to set up laravel middleware

Laravel is a very popular PHP framework. Its core is the MVC pattern, routing and middleware. Middleware is a major feature of Laravel, used to handle HTTP requests and can perform specific operations before or after the request is sent to the application's controller. This article will explain how to set up middleware in Laravel.

1. Create middleware

First, we need to create a middleware. Create it by running the following command:

php artisan make:middleware MiddlewareName

After running this command, Laravel will create a PHP class named "MiddlewareName". We can add code in this class to define the actions we want to perform.

2. Register Middleware

After creating the middleware, we need to register it in the application. To do this, we can add the complete namespace of the middleware class in the $middleware array in the app/Http/Kernel.php file.

protected $middleware = [
    \App\Http\Middleware\MiddlewareName::class,
];

At this point, the middleware will run during every request. If you want to use middleware with specific routes or route groups, you can register them.

3. Application middleware

Applying middleware is very simple, just use the middleware() method. For example, if we want to apply a middleware named "MiddlewareName" in a route, we can use it as follows:

Route::get('/path', function () {
    // 表示只有通过中间件后，才能访问该路由
})->middleware('MiddlewareName');

We can also use middleware groups instead of specifying middleware for each route individually. To create a middleware group, define it in the $middlewareGroups array in the app/Http/Kernel.php file.

protected $middlewareGroups = [
    'web' => [
        // Add middleware here
    ],

    'api' => [
        // Add middleware here
    ],
];

These middleware groups can be applied to routes or controllers through the middleware() method, as shown below:

Route::middleware(['web', 'MiddlewareName'])->group(function () {
    // routes
});

A middleware group named "web" is defined here, and A middleware named "MiddlewareName" is applied in it.

Summary

Middleware in Laravel is very powerful and very useful in handling HTTP requests. We can easily manage our application's requests by creating and registering middleware and then applying it to a route or route group.

Therefore, it is very important to master the use of Laravel middleware, and it is also one of the necessary skills to become a senior Laravel developer.

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