Detailed introduction to how to use Github

With the continuous development of Internet technology, more and more developers have begun to join open source projects. As one of the largest code hosting platforms in the world, Github has also become an important place for developers to share, learn, and cooperate. One of the tools. However, how to use Github for code management, version control, collaborative development, etc. is still a concern for many novice developers. This article will introduce the use of Github in detail.

1. Basic concepts of Github

1. Repository (Repository): The space used to store code on Github, including code, documents and other files.
2. Commit: Git is a version control system that records the version of the code by continuously submitting new modifications. Each submission is called a "Commit".
3. Branch: On Git, each code repository has a master branch. Each developer can create his or her own branch from the master branch. Develop on the branch, and then merge the branch to the main branch after completing the development.
4. Merge: Merge the code or modifications on the branch into the main branch or other branches.
5. Pull Request: After developers develop the code on their own branch, they merge the modification request into the main branch or other branches. The process of requesting merge is called "Pull Request", the open source community Members of can review and discuss requests.

2. Use Github for code management

1. Create a warehouse

First, use your own Github account to log in to the Github official website and enter your own On the home page, click the "New Repository" button to enter the page for creating a warehouse. Fill in your warehouse name, description, public/private and other information on the page, and then click "Create Repository". This will successfully create a new Github repository.

2. Clone repository

Next, install the git client on your local computer and use the git clone command to clone the repository on Github locally so that you can Modify and manage code locally.

3. Submit changes

After completing the code modification, you need to submit the modification to Github using the git add, git commit and git push commands. The add command adds the modified code to the staging area, the commit command submits the changes in the staging area to the local repository, and the push command submits the changes in the local repository to Github.

4. Branch management and merging

To perform branch management and merging on Github, you first need to use the git branch command to switch the main branch to your own branch, and then use git checkout The command switches the branch to the branch that needs to be merged, and finally uses the git merge command to merge the code on the branch into the current branch.

5. Pull Request

To merge the modification request into the main branch, you first need to use git push to save the modifications on your branch to Github, and then click on Github "New pull request" button, enter the "Pull Request" page, select the branch and source branch that need to be merged, add basic description information, and finally submit the request.

3. Use Github for collaborative development

Collaborative development on Github allows multiple developers to collaboratively develop and manage the same project code.

1. Fork project

Developers can first fork the main project to their own Github repository, then modify or add new ones, and submit the modified code to their own In the warehouse, a Pull Request request is made, waiting for review and discussion by open source community members. If the changes are accepted, the code will be merged into the main project.

2. Collaborator

Project owners can invite other developers to become collaborators (Collaborator) to assist in managing the warehouse. Invitees can modify the warehouse, make Pull Requests, etc., and can better collaborate to complete the project.

3. Issues

Developers may encounter problems or topics that need to be discussed during the development process. They can create Issues on Github. All developers can create Issues on the Issues page. Discussion and communication can be conducted effectively to solve problems and collaborate on development.

4. Summary

This article introduces the basic concepts and usage of Github in detail, including warehouse creation, cloning, submitting modifications, branch management and merging, and collaborative development. It also introduces Some of the principles and techniques of Github are hoped to help novice developers better understand and master the use and management of Github.

The above is the detailed content of Detailed introduction to how to use Github. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!