An in-depth explanation of the Golang calling process

Go language (Golang) is a statically typed programming language developed by Google. It has the characteristics of efficiency, ease of use, security, and concurrency. During the development process, we often need to call some external APIs or services. This article will introduce the Golang calling process.

1. Import packages

In Golang, use the "import" keyword to import external packages so that they can be called in the code. For example, if we need to call the http package, we can add the following statement at the beginning of the code:

import “net/http”

2. Request method

In Golang, there are two ways to send HTTP requests: Get and Post . Get requests are used to obtain data from the server, while Post requests are used to send data to the server. We can easily send requests through the methods provided by the http package. For example, to send a Get request:

resp, err := http.Get("http://example.com/")

and to send a Post request, you need to combine the NewRequest method of the http package and the Do method of http.Client to complete. The example is as follows:

body := bytes.NewBufferString("name=foo&age=20")
req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "http://example.com/account", body)
client := &http.Client{}
resp, err := client.Do(req)

3. Processing the response

After the request is sent successfully, the server will return a response value, and we need to process the response. In Golang, the response includes status code StatusCode, response body, and other response headers. For example, to obtain the status code returned by a GET request:

resp, err := http.Get("http://example.com/")
status := resp.StatusCode

As for the processing of the response body, it can be achieved by calling the ioutil.ReadAll method provided by the http package. Examples are as follows:

resp, err := http.Get("http://example.com/")
body, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
resp.Body.Close()

4. Handling errors

During the process of requesting or processing responses, some errors will inevitably occur, and we need to handle these errors. In Golang, error handling is very simple. You only need to add an error handling statement to the code. For example, handling a request error:

resp, err := http.Get("http://example.com/")
if err != nil {
    log.Fatal(err)
}

5. Summary

Golang’s calling process is relatively simple compared to other languages, but there are some details that need to be paid attention to in the processing process. Through this article, we have learned about the process of calling external APIs or services in Golang, and hope it will be helpful to readers.

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