How to convert string encoding in jquery

In front-end development, string encoding conversion is often required to ensure the compatibility and security of the website. For developers who use jQuery, jQuery provides convenient and fast string encoding conversion functions. This article will introduce how jQuery converts string encodings.

Step one: Check the original string encoding format

Before performing string encoding conversion, you need to check the encoding format of the original string. Sometimes, when we receive or manually enter a string, we cannot determine its specific encoding format, and we need to solve it through code.

jQuery provides the .charCodeAt() method, which can return the Unicode encoding of the specified position in the string. Using this method, we can create a function that outputs the Unicode encoding of each character of the string.

function getUnicode(str) {
  var unicode = [];
  for (var i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
    unicode.push(str.charCodeAt(i).toString(16));
  }
  return unicode.join(',');
}

console.log(getUnicode('你好世界'))
// 输出： 4f60,597d,4e16,754c

By querying the Unicode encoding of each character and its corresponding format in the Unicode encoding table, we can determine the encoding format of the original string.

Step 2: Convert the string encoding

After determining the encoding format of the original string, you can convert the string encoding. jQuery provides two methods, one is encodeURIComponent(), which is used to URL-encode a string; the other is decodeURIComponent(), which is used to URL-encode the string. The string is decoded.

// URL 编码
var str = '你好世界'
var encodedStr = encodeURIComponent(str)
console.log(encodedStr) // 输出：%E4%BD%A0%E5%A5%BD%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C
 
// URL 解码
var decodedStr = decodeURIComponent(encodedStr)
console.log(decodedStr) // 输出：你好世界

In the above example, we use the encodeURIComponent() method to URL-encode the str string, and then use decodeURIComponent() Method decodes the encoded string. Among them, the URL-encoded string Hello World is the result of UTF-8 encoding of the str string.

Step 3: Set the request header

When sending an AJAX request, in order to avoid encoding problems, we need to set the encoding method in the request header. The setting method is as follows:

$.ajax({
  url: 'http://example.com',
  type: 'POST',
  dataType: 'json',
  contentType: 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8',
  data: {
    name: '张三',
    age: 18
  },
  success: function (res) {
    console.log(res)
  },
  error: function (err) {
    console.log(err)
  }
})

In the above code, we set the content type of the request header and the encoding method used through the contentType attribute. This way, you can avoid encoding issues when sending AJAX requests.

Summary:

String encoding conversion is very common in front-end development, and jQuery provides a convenient and fast string encoding conversion function. Through the introduction of this article, I believe you have already understood how jQuery converts string encoding.

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