How to input in golang

Go language is a highly efficient programming language. Its syntax is simple and easy to understand, and the learning cost is relatively low, so it is very popular among programmers. When using the Go language, you often need to enter some data. So, how does the Go language implement input? Next, this article will introduce in detail how to input in golang.

1. Input function

In the Go language, the function that implements input is the fmt.Scan() function. The function of this function is to read a data from the standard input, and is generally used when the input data is relatively small. The following is the basic syntax of this function:

fmt.Scan(&input)

In this syntax, &input is a pointer to the input variable. When the input data is read, the input data is stored in the input variable. It should be noted that the type of the input variable must match the type of the input data. For example, if an integer needs to be entered, the input variable must be of type int.

2. Multi-input function

When you need to input multiple data, you can use multiple parameters of the fmt.Scan() function to achieve this. For example, if you need to enter two integers, you can use the following syntax:

fmt.Scan(&a, &b)

In this syntax, &a and &b are pointers to the a and b variables respectively. When reading input data, the first data will be stored in the a variable and the second data will be stored in the b variable.

It should be noted that the input data should be separated by characters such as spaces, tabs, and carriage returns. If there are no separators between input data, you need to use the fmt.Scanf() function.

3. fmt.Scanf() function

fmt.Scanf() function is used to read formatted input data. It is similar to the fmt.Scan() function, except that you need to specify the data type and format string when reading data. The following is the basic syntax of this function:

fmt.Scanf(format, &input)

Among them, format represents the format string, and input represents the variable of the input data. It should be noted that the format characters used in the format string must match the type of input data. For example, if you need to enter an integer, use the "%d" format character in the format string.

If you need to enter multiple data, you can specify multiple format characters in the format string. For example, if you need to input two integers, you can use the following syntax:

fmt.Scanf("%d %d", &a, &b)

4. bufio package

The Go language also provides the bufio package to implement efficient input operations. The bufio package provides two types: bufio.Scanner and bufio.NewReader. Use the bufio.Scanner type to read data line by line, and use the bufio.NewReader type to read a data stream of arbitrary length.

The following is a sample code for reading data line by line through the bufio package:

import (
    "bufio"
    "os"
)

func main() {
    scanner := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
    for scanner.Scan() {
        input := scanner.Text()
        // 处理输入数据
    }
}

In the above code, the bufio.NewScanner function creates an object of type bufio.Scanner, which can be retrieved from os. Read data from Stdin. Read the input data in a loop through the scanner.Scan() function, reading one line of data each time. The read data is stored in the input variable and can then be processed accordingly.

In short, through the above introduction, I believe readers have understood how to input in golang. It should be noted that in actual development, different input scenarios may require different input methods, and developers need to choose the input method that suits them based on the specific situation.

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