Let’s talk about several common processes in golang

Golang is an emerging programming language. It absorbs the essence of C, Java and other languages. It has many advantages such as efficiency, simplicity, and strong reusability. It is loved and loved by more and more programmers. use.

This article aims to introduce several processes in Golang. A process refers to a state of a running program. In Golang, there are several common processes, including goroutine, channel, etc.

1. goroutine

Goroutine is a very important concept in Golang. It is a lightweight thread provided by the Go language and can interact with the operating system scheduler. Interact for collaborative multitasking.

To put it bluntly, Goroutine is a more lightweight thread, which has less overhead than operating system threads. Therefore, thousands of Goroutines can be easily created without causing too much damage to the system. A lot of pressure. The running of Goroutine is completely managed by Go's runtime scheduler.

Goroutine can be created in the following way:

go someFunction()

A Goroutine will run in its own execution context and can easily access shared resources. In addition, Goroutine scheduling is determined by the Go language, so it can take full advantage of multi-core CPUs. The use of Goroutine allows programmers to achieve high concurrency operations through concise code.

2. channel

Channel is another important concept in Golang, which is widely used in communication between coroutines. Channels can be thought of as communication pipes through which Goroutine can communicate and synchronize operations.

Channel can be created in the following way:

ch := make(chan int)

The Channel created in the above way is of type int. The sending and receiving operations of Channel are represented by the "<-" symbol respectively.

ch <- someNum  // 向Channel中发送数据
num := <- ch   // 从Channel中接收数据

The importance of Channel is that it can provide a concurrent and safe communication mechanism, which means that multiple Goroutines can share a Channel and communicate without interfering with each other.

Channel can also perform buffered operations. These buffers are generally called Channel buffers. Through the use of Channel buffer, the waiting and dependency problems between Goroutines can be effectively reduced, further improving the efficiency of the program.

3. select statement

In Golang, the select statement is very useful when dealing with multi-Channel communication. By using the select statement, you can handle the sending and receiving operations of multiple Channels at the same time without being blocked on one Channel.

In the select statement, you can use the case statement to specify the channel that needs to be processed. The following is a simple example:

select {
    case ch1 <- someData:  // 向ch1通道发送someData
        fmt.Println("数据已发送至ch1通道")
    case someData := <- ch2:  // 从ch2通道接收数据
        fmt.Println("从ch2通道中接收到数据：", someData)
}

Through the above select statement, programmers can manage and operate Goroutine more flexibly and efficiently.

Summary

The above introduces several common processes in Golang, including goroutine, channel and select statements, etc. Their use brings many advantages, such as being able to manage Goroutines more efficiently and improving program efficiency. But at the same time, programmers also need to have certain skills and experience to use these processes correctly.

For beginners, it is recommended to master the basic syntax and features of Golang before starting to understand the use of these processes in depth. I believe that with continuous practice and practice, you will definitely become an excellent Golang programmer.

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