How to use Git to control user accounts and permissions

Git is a powerful version control system and a very popular open source tool. In addition to version control of code, Git can also be used to manage user accounts and permissions. This article will introduce how to use Git to control user accounts and permissions.

How does Git work?

In Git, each user has an account, and each account has a unique identifier. Git uses SSH key pairs to authenticate users. All files and directories are stored in Git repositories. When users make changes to files and directories, Git automatically tracks these changes and records the history of these changes.

Why use Git to control account permissions?

Git is great for managing collaboration between multiple users. However, in a multi-user environment, you need to ensure that each user can only access the resources they need to access. Therefore, a reliable method is needed to control user permissions.

Using Git for account management

Git uses a special shell called git-shell to manage user accounts and permissions. Git-shell is a lightweight Shell that only allows users to use Git commands and prohibits the use of other commands.

First, you need to create a new user account. In Linux systems, you can use the following command to create a new user:

$ sudo adduser <username></username>

Next, the user needs to be added to the Git repository. On the server where the Git repository is located, use the following command:

$ sudo su git
$ cd /path/to/repo.git
$ vim ./gitolite/conf/gitolite.conf

In the gitolite.conf file, add the SSH key for the new user and specify the permissions for that user. For example, suppose you need to create a repository called test_project for a new user and grant read-only permissions. You can add the following content to the gitolite.conf file:

repo test_project
  RW+ = owner
  R = joeuser

In the above example, the owner is the creator of the repository and therefore has full read and write permissions. joeuser is the username of the new user, so it only has read permissions.

After you have updated the gitolite.conf file, use the following command to update the configuration of the Git repository:

$ sudo su git
$ cd /path/to/repo.git
$ ./gitolite/setup

Now, the new user can log in to the server using the SSH key pair and use Git to access and manage the warehouse.

Summary

Git is a very powerful version control system that can also be used to manage collaboration between multiple users. By using Git-shell and the gitolite.conf configuration file, you can easily assign permissions to multiple users and ensure that each user can only access the resources they need to access.

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