Detailed explanation of how to deploy HTTPS load balancing using Laravel

Laravel is a popular PHP web development framework. It has the characteristics of high efficiency, easy scalability, and good security. It also supports the HTTPS protocol. In actual production environments, for better performance and stability, load balancing is usually used to deploy websites. This article will introduce how to use Laravel to deploy HTTPS load balancing.

1. Introduction

Load balancing refers to allocating network traffic to multiple servers to improve the performance and stability of the website. Common load balancing algorithms include round robin, weighted round robin, least number of connections, etc. HTTPS is based on the HTTP protocol and adds the SSL/TLS protocol to provide more secure data transmission. Deploying HTTPS through load balancing can make the website more secure and reliable.

2. Deployment process

1. Generate SSL certificate

To use HTTPS in a load balancing environment, you must have an SSL certificate. Let's Encrypt free certificate authority is generally used to apply for and maintain SSL certificates. At the same time, certificates can also be purchased from commercial organizations such as Digicert, Comodo, etc. Let's Encrypt is used as an example. The application and deployment of certificates can follow the guidelines of its official documents. Once you have an SSL certificate, the certificate needs to be added in the Nginx configuration.

2. Install Nginx

Nginx is one of the most popular web servers currently. It has the advantages of high performance, stability, and easy configuration. When using Nginx as a load balancer, you need to install Nginx and perform related configurations. Installation command:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nginx

3. Configure Nginx

In order to achieve HTTPS load balancing, you need to add the following parts to the Nginx configuration:

(1) upstream

Define multiple Web server nodes in upstream.

upstream backend {
    server 192.168.1.100:80 weight=1;
    server 192.168.1.101:80 weight=1;
}

(2) server

To perform HTTPS deployment of Nginx in the server configuration block, you need to add the following configuration:

server {
    listen 443 ssl;
    server_name example.com;
    ssl_certificate /path/to/ssl.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key /path/to/ssl.key;

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://backend;
    }
}

The listen specified listening port is 443, that is HTTPS protocol port; server_name specifies the website domain name; ssl_certificate and ssl_certificate_key specify the path of the SSL certificate; proxy_pass of location specifies the address of the reverse proxy as backend, that is, multiple Web servers defined in upstream.

(3)http

Perform global configuration in the http configuration block. You can set the following configuration.

http {
    ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
    ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
}

This configuration specifies that Nginx only uses TLSv1.0, TLSv1.1 and TLSv1.2 security protocols. It also specifies that Nginx uses HIGH encryption level and does not allow the use of aNULL and MD5 encryption algorithms. This configuration can improve the security of the website.

4. Deploy Laravel

Deploy Laravel on multiple web servers and enable the HTTPS protocol. Use the .env configuration file for relevant configuration.

5. Test load balancing

After the deployment is completed, you can access the website through the browser, resolve to Nginx according to the domain name, and perform load balancing among multiple web servers. You can use the ab stress testing tool to test concurrent access to the website and observe the response of each web server.

3. Summary

This article introduces how to use Laravel to deploy HTTPS load balancing. Load balancing can improve the performance and reliability of the website, and HTTPS can improve the security of the website. Using Nginx as a load balancer and deploying Laravel on each web server can achieve a high-performance, high-reliability, and high-security web application. Of course, configuration details and problem handling are beyond the scope of this article. Readers need to carefully refer to relevant official documents and information during the actual deployment process to ensure the correctness and reliability of the deployment.

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