How to undo a git commit

Git is a popular version control tool, but even experienced developers can accidentally commit the wrong code or personal information. In this case, it is crucial to undo the commit in order to fix the problem without destroying the codebase history.

The following are the steps on how to undo a git commit.

1. Undo the latest commit

If you have submitted wrong code or personal information, and you have not pushed this error to the remote warehouse, then the easiest way is to undo this submit.

1. View commit history

To undo a commit, first view your commit history using the following command:

git log

This will display all of your recent commits.

Please note the hash of each commit, this will help in subsequent steps.

2. Undo the commit

To undo the most recent commit, you can execute the following command:

git reset HEAD~1

This will cancel the most recent commit, but keep your commit changes made.

In the above figure, HEAD~1 means "undo the most recent submission".

To revert all changes at the same time, you can use the following command:

git reset HEAD~1 –hard

This will undo the most recent commit and revert all changes.

2. Undo the commit that has been pushed to the remote warehouse

If you have pushed the wrong commit to the remote warehouse, then you need to use the following steps to undo it The submission.

1. Undo a commit that has been pushed to the remote repository

To undo a commit that has been pushed to the remote repository, use the following command:

git revert <commit></commit>

This command will create a new A commit that undoes the specified commit () and leaves a new commit in the history to indicate that the change has been undone.

Please note that this command is irreversible as it records the changes as part of the history. Therefore, use this command with caution and be sure to specify exactly which commits you want to cancel.

The above figure shows the results of using the git revert command.

2. Undo the commits that have been pushed to the remote repository while retaining the history

If you do not want to completely remove the undo changes from the code base and want to retain the history of the changes, You can use the following command:

git revert -n <commit></commit>

This command will create a new commit to indicate that the change has been canceled. However, it does not make any changes to the file, so you can modify the file before pointing to the commit you want to revert.

git commit -c ORIG_HEAD

This command creates a new commit that contains all the undone changes and all other changes. This new commit is part of the history you want to preserve.

3. How to modify the submission information

If you don’t like your submission information or the information you submitted is incomplete, you can use the following command to modify it Commit message:

git commit --amend

This command will put your commit message in an editor so you can modify it.

By default, this command uses your configured text editor. If you want to change the default editor, please set the environment variable in the following way:

export EDITOR="nano"

After executing the above command, you will be able to modify the submission information in the nano editor.

#When you have finished editing your submission information, save and exit the editor. This will update the latest commit information.

Conclusion

Undoing a commit in Git is a useful trick that can help you fix errors without destroying the history of your code base. Whether you're just getting started with Git or you're an experienced developer, by now you should know how to undo a commit easily.

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