How to implement SCP in Go language

With the continuous growth of data transmission, how to ensure data security and transmission efficiency when transmitting large amounts of data has become increasingly important. SCP (Secure Copy Protocol) is a protocol for secure file transfer, used together with SSH (Secure Shell). This article will introduce how to implement SCP in Go language.

1. Connect to the remote host

First, we need to establish a connection with the remote host. Using the Go language, you can easily create an SSH client connection through the SSH package:

import (
    "fmt"
    "golang.org/x/crypto/ssh"
    "os"
)

func main() {
    host := "your.remote.host"
    port := "22"
    user := "remote.user"
    password := "remote.password"

    config := &ssh.ClientConfig{
        User: user,
        Auth: []ssh.AuthMethod{
            ssh.Password(password),
        },
    }

    conn, err := ssh.Dial("tcp", host+":"+port, config)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    defer conn.Close()
    fmt.Println("Connected to " + host)
}

In the above code, we create an SSH client connection using the SSH package. We specified the host address and port as well as the username and password to use. If the connection is successful, we will print a message on the console.

2. Create SCP Session

Once we have established an SSH connection, we can use SCP to transfer files. As with SSH client connections, we can also create an SCP client session using the SSH package:

import (
    "golang.org/x/crypto/ssh"
    "github.com/pkg/sftp"
    "os"
)

func main() {
    // Connect to the remote host (code from previous section)
    conn, err := ssh.Dial("tcp", host+":"+port, config)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    // Create an SCP session
    scp, err := sftp.NewClient(conn)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    defer scp.Close()

    // ...
}

In this example, we use the SFTP subpackage to create an SCP session. Once we have an SCP client, we can start uploading and downloading files.

3. Uploading files

When uploading files, we first need to open the file and SCP session. We can then open a local file using the OpenFile method of the SCP client session:

import (
    "golang.org/x/crypto/ssh"
    "github.com/pkg/sftp"
    "os"
)

func main() {
    // Connect to the remote host and create an SCP session (code from previous sections)

    // Open the local file
    localFile, err := os.Open("local_file.txt")
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    // Open a remote file for writing
    remoteFile, err := scp.Create("remote_file.txt")
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    // ...
}

This code opens the local file local_file.txt and uses # The ##Create method creates a file named remote_file.txt on the remote host. Now, we can copy local files to the remote host:

import (
    "golang.org/x/crypto/ssh"
    "github.com/pkg/sftp"
    "os"
    "io"
)

func main() {
    // Connect to the remote host and create an SCP session (code from previous sections)

    // Open the local file
    localFile, err := os.Open("local_file.txt")
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    // Open a remote file for writing
    remoteFile, err := scp.Create("remote_file.txt")
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    // Copy the local file to the remote file
    _, err = io.Copy(remoteFile, localFile)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    // ...
}

The above code copies the local files to the remote host. We use Go’s

io.Copy function to implement file copying. In this example, we pass the local file to the second parameter of io.Copy and the remote file to the first parameter of io.Copy.

Downloading files

Similar to uploading files, we also need to open the file and SCP session first. We can then open a remote file using the

Open method of the SCP client session:

import (
    "golang.org/x/crypto/ssh"
    "github.com/pkg/sftp"
    "os"
)

func main() {
    // Connect to the remote host and create an SCP session (code from previous sections)

    // Open a remote file for reading
    remoteFile, err := scp.Open("remote_file.txt")
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    defer remoteFile.Close()

    // Open the local file for writing
    localFile, err := os.Create("local_file.txt")
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    defer localFile.Close()

    // ...
}

The above code uses the

Open method to open a file named remote_file.txt remote file, and uses the Create method to create a local file named local_file.txt on the local file system. Now, we can copy the remote file to the local file:

import (
    "golang.org/x/crypto/ssh"
    "github.com/pkg/sftp"
    "os"
    "io"
)

func main() {
    // Connect to the remote host and create an SCP session (code from previous sections)

    // Open a remote file for reading
    remoteFile, err := scp.Open("remote_file.txt")
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    defer remoteFile.Close()

    // Open the local file for writing
    localFile, err := os.Create("local_file.txt")
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    defer localFile.Close()

    // Copy the remote file to the local file
    _, err = io.Copy(localFile, remoteFile)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    // ...
}

As with uploading files, we use Go’s

io.Copy function to implement file copying.

In this way, we have completed the process of implementing SCP in Go language. With Go language and SSH and SFTP packages, we can easily implement SCP file transfer.

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