How to hide files in git

In the process of using Git for version control, hiding files is a very practical function. In Git, hidden files refer to files or directories with special suffixes or directory identifiers that are not automatically tracked by Git or included in version control.

Why hide files?

We know that Git will automatically track all files under the working tree, that is to say, once a file is modified, Git will automatically add it to the repository. However, in actual work, we may have some files or directories that are unnecessary and do not want to be tracked, such as temporary files, log files, cache files, configuration files, etc. At this time, we need to use the hidden file function to exclude these files from version control so that they are not automatically tracked.

How to hide files?

Git provides a file named ".gitignore" for specifying files and directories to be excluded from version control. This file should be placed in the root directory of the repository, and itself should be included in version control.

The format of the ".gitignore" file is very simple, each line contains a pattern. The pattern can be a specific file name, a wildcard, a directory name, etc. Here are some examples:

# 注释
*.log                 # 忽略所有‘log’文件
temp/                 # 忽略 ‘temp’ 目录及其下面的所有文件和子目录
test/*.txt            # 忽略 ‘test’ 目录下的所有 ‘.txt’ 文件
!testdata/test.txt   # 但是不忽略 ‘testdata/test.txt’ 文件

In this example, the first line is a comment, the second line specifies that all 'log' files are ignored, and the third line specifies that the 'temp' directory and its subdirectories are ignored. of all files, the fourth line specifies that all '.txt' files in the 'test' directory are ignored, and the last line specifies that the 'testdata/test.txt' file is not ignored. It should be noted that when specifying ignore rules, we must consider carefully to avoid accidentally ignoring or accidentally retaining files. Because once a file is excluded from version control, it cannot be managed by Git.

Summary

Through the hidden file function, we can exclude some files or directories that are unnecessary and do not want to be tracked to ensure the cleanliness and efficiency of version control. In actual use, we need to carefully consider the files and directories to be hidden, as well as their patterns and rules, to avoid misoperation and wrong file management. At the same time, we need to review and update hidden file rules from time to time to adapt to changes and developments in our work.

The above is the detailed content of How to hide files in git. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!