what is mysqlga

In mysql, the full name of ga is "Generally Available", which is the name of an official version and is the final release version of the software; this version generally has relatively few bugs, so this release can also be called a stable version. If the developer wants to use the software in production, or is a novice, then it is best to choose the GA version; this is the most fully tested and stable version.

The operating environment of this tutorial: linux7.3 system, mysql8 version, Dell G3 computer.

What is mysql ga

GA is the abbreviation of Generally Available, which is the naming of an official version, meaning that the development team believes that this version It is a stable version (some software may be labeled as stable version or production version, which means the same as GA) and can be used in more critical situations.

MySQL uses GA to order its official version. If there is no suffix, it implies that this is a mostly available version or a production version. .GA releases are stable, have passed the testing of earlier versions and have shown usability, have all serious bugs resolved, and are suitable for use in production environments. Only a few serious bug fixes will be added to this version.

If you want to use the software in production, or you are a novice, then you'd better choose the GA version. This is the most fully tested and stable version.

MySQL version description

The versions are divided into four types: Alpha version, Beta version, RC version (Release Candidate), GA version (Generally Available).

Alpha version

Alpha version software, this is the version description used by software engineering to define the software version of the software development process. Alpha is an internal test version and is generally not released to the outside world. It will have many bugs. Unless you are also a tester, it is not recommended to use it. It is the first letter of the Greek letter, indicating the most basic version, and alpha is α.

Beta version

Beta version software, this is also the version description for software development and testing version control in software engineering. Beta is generally the version after Alpha. This version has been greatly improved compared to the alpha version, and serious errors have been eliminated. However, there is still a flaw that needs to be further eliminated through multiple tests. The version at this stage will always add new features. beta is beta.

RC version

RC version, RC is the abbreviation of Release Candidate. This is the version after the Beta. Generally, the RC version does not have new features, but fixes some bugs reported in the Beta. Therefore, the RC version is closer to the final release version, which is the stable version (GA version)

GA version

GA version, GA is the abbreviation of Generally Available. This is the final release version of the software. This version generally has relatively few bugs. This release can also be called a stable version.

Release version

Release version exists in some software, but generally does not exist in MySQL. This version means the "final version". After a series of test versions of the previous version, there will eventually be an official version, which is the version that is finally delivered to users. This version is sometimes called the standard version. Under normal circumstances, Release will not appear as a word on the software cover, but will be replaced by a symbol (R).

MySQL version number

Example: 5.5.60This version of MySQL explains the meaning of each number in the version number (mysql-5.5.60.tar.gz).

• The first number (5) major version number: When the file format is changed, it will be released as a new version (5.5.60 );

• The second number (5) release version number: When new features or changes are incompatible, the release version number needs to be changed (5.5.60);

• The third number (60) release serial number: mainly small changes, such as bug fixes, functions Add or change, change of configuration parameters, etc. (5.5.60).

System installation uses MySQL version query method:

1. Login to MySQL method

mysql> status;
mysql> select version();
mysql> select @@version;
mysql> show variables like "%version%";

2. No Login direct query method

$ mysql -u root -p             #连接mysql
$ mysqladmin -uroot -p version;

$ mysql -V
$ mysql --version

$ mysql --help | grep Distrib
$ mysql -? | grep Distrib
$ mysql -I | grep Distrib

$ rpm -qa|grep mysql

Product line description

1. Version number division MySQL

• 3.X to 5.1.X.

This is an early version of MySQL.

Common early versions include: 4.1.7, 5.0.56, etc.

• 5.4.X to 5.7.X.

This is to integrate the new storage engine developed by the MySQL AB company community and third-party companies. Absorb new implementation algorithms and better support SMP architecture. A lot of code refactoring was done to improve performance.

is now the mainstream version. Commonly used versions: 5.5

• 6.0.X到7.1.X

这是为了更好推广MySQL Cluster版本，以及提高MySQL性能和稳定性以及新功能。改动MySQL基础功能，从而对Cluster存储引擎提供更有效支持优化。因为发布时间较晚，发布时已经有其他手段解决MySQL集群技术问题，所以并没有很好的推广使用。

2、根据应用场景划分

• MySQL Community Server

MySQL Community Server是社区版本，开源免费，但不提供官方技术支持。遵循GPL协议。MySQL Community Server也是我们通常用的MySQL的版本。根据不同的操作系统平台细分为多个版本。

• MySQL Enterprise Edition

MySQL Enterprise Edition企业版本，需付费，可以试用30天。

• MySQL Cluster

MySQL Cluster集群版，开源免费。可将几个MySQL Server封装成一个Server。MySQL Cluster CGE 高级集群版，需付费。

• MySQL Workbench（GUI TOOL）

MySQL Workbench（GUI TOOL）一款专为MySQL设计的ER/数据库建模工具。它是著名的数据库设计工具DBDesigner4的继任者。

MySQL Workbench又分为两个版本：

• ①、分别是社区版（MySQL Workbench OSS）
• ②、商用版（MySQL Workbench SE）。

版本选择说明

• 首先选择社区版的GA版(稳定版)。

• 选择发行时间6-10个月以上的GA版。

• 选择最近几个月没有修复重大BUG的版本，软件工程原理修复了较大BUG则说明还隐含较多的BUG。

• 最好向后较长时间没有更新的发行版。

• 考虑开发人员开发程序使用的版本是否兼容选择的版本。

• 选择的版本最好是内部运行3-6个月，然后在不重要的非核心业务运行3-6个月。

• 向DBA大佬请教。

安装方式

• yum安装

优点：操作简单易用。不用单独下载，服务器可以联网且yum源没有问题即可(可以选择国内的163/sohu/阿里源)

举例：

yum install mysql *

• 编译安装

5.1.X及之前的版本是通过下载tar包以后解压后进入软件包解压路径。然后./configure、make、make install

5.4.X到5.7.X通过下载tar包以后解压后进入软件包解压路径。然后cmake、make、make install(cmake需要提前安装)

优点：可以定制功能特性。

举例：

./configure

make

make install

• 二进制程序包

这种方式解压即可直接使用不用安装。类似windows系统的Portable软件(便携版软件)。

• rpm安装

这种方式安装需要提前把rpm软件包下载到服务器系统本地。

举例：

rpm -ih MySQL-devel-5.5.60-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

扩展知识：其它有关版本的缩写

α（Alpha）版：内测版，内部交流或者专业测试人员测试用。Bug较多，普通用户最好不要安装。

暗示这是一个以展示新特性为目的的版本，存在比较多的不稳定因素，还会向代码中添加新新特性。beta 以后的beta版、发布版或产品发布中，所有API、外部可视结构和SQL命令列均不再更改,不再向代码中添加影响代码稳定性的新特性。

β（Beta）版：公测版，专业爱好者大规模测试用，存在一些缺陷，该版本也不适合一般用户安装。

γ（Gamma）版：相当成熟的测试版，与即将发行的正式版相差无几。

RC（Release　Candidate版：意思是发布倒计时，候选版本，处于Gamma阶段，该版本已经完成全部功能并清除大部分的BUG。到了这个阶段只会除BUG，不会对软件做任何大的更改。从Alpha到Beta再到Gamma是改进的先后关系，但RC1、RC2往往是取舍关系。

RTM: (Release to Manufacture): It is a version for large-scale tableting by factories. The content is the same as the official version, but the RTM version also has limited and evaluation versions. But the main program code is the same as the official version.

OEM: is sold by computer manufacturers along with their computers, that is, the random version. It can only be shipped with the machine and cannot be retailed. It can only be installed freshly and cannot be upgraded from an older operating system. The packaging is not as elegant as the retail version, and usually only has a CD and instructions (authorization letter).

RVL: is claimed to be the official version, but in fact RVL is not the name of the version at all. It is cracked from the Chinese/English version of the document.

EVAL: The EVAL version circulating on the [color=#ff0000] network[/color] is similar to the "evaluation version" and has no functional difference from the retail version.

RTL: Retail (retail version) is the real official version and is officially on the shelves. There is a eula.txt in the i386 folder of the installation disk, and there is a line EULAID at the end, which is your version. For example, the official Simplified Chinese version is EULAID:WX.4_PRO_RTL_CN, and the official Traditional Chinese version is WX.4_PRO_RTL_TW. Among them: if it starts with WX., it means the official version, and if it starts with WB., it means the test version. _PRE, stands for Home Edition; _PRO, stands for Professional Edition.

Final: Official version.

Enhance: The enhanced version or enhanced version belongs to the official version 1

Free: Free version

Release: The release version has a time limit

Upgrade：Upgrade version

Retail：Retail version

Cardware : It is a kind of sharing software. Just reply to the author with an email or postcard. (Some authors provide registration codes, etc.). This form is now rare. / S

Plus: is an enhanced version, but most of this is enhanced in the program interface and multimedia functions.

Preview：Preview version

Corporation&Enterprise：Enterprise Edition

Standard：Standard Edition

Mini：The mini version is also called the streamlined version and only has the most basic functions

Premium：Expensive version

Professional : Professional Edition

Express：Special Edition

Deluxe：Deluxe Edition

Regged：Registered version

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