How to exit golang coroutine

Golang is a very popular programming language, and its Goroutine is one of its iconic features. The advantage of Goroutine is that it can easily implement concurrency, making Golang perform well in handling high-concurrency scenarios. But how do we exit Goroutines correctly when we are using them? In this article, we will delve into Goroutine exit methods.

1. Use channel control

Using channel is one of the ways for Golang to exit Goroutine. Control whether Goroutine exits by creating a bool type channel. After Goroutine execution ends, we can notify Goroutine to exit by writing a bool type value to the channel.

The sample code is as follows:

package main

import (
   "fmt"
)

func goroutine(ch chan bool) {
   for {
      select {
         case <-ch:
            fmt.Println("goroutine exit")
            return
         default:
            fmt.Println("goroutine running")
      }
   }
}

func main() {
   ch := make(chan bool)
   go goroutine(ch)
   fmt.Println("main thread")
   ch <- true
}

In the above code, we created a goroutine() function, which will continue to execute in a loop. In the main() function, we create a bool type channel and pass it to the goroutine() function. In the goroutine function, we use the select statement to detect whether a value is written in the channel. If a value is written, the exit operation will be performed.

In the main() function, we use the ch <- true statement to write a bool type value to the channel, which will trigger the exit operation in the goroutine function.

By using channels to control the exit of Goroutine, we can stop Goroutine gracefully.

2. Use the context package

In addition to using channels to control the exit of Goroutine, Golang also provides the context package to implement the exit of Goroutine. The context package provides a Context type that can be used to transfer information between different Goroutines, including specifying Goroutine timeout, cancellation and other operations.

In Goroutine, we can use the WithContext() method of the context package to create a Context type object, and then use the WithCancel() method to cancel the Context object:

package main

import (
   "fmt"
   "context"
)

func goroutine(ctx context.Context) {
   for {
      select {
         case <-ctx.Done():
            fmt.Println("goroutine exit")
            return
         default:
            fmt.Println("goroutine running")
      }
   }
}

func main() {
   ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
   go goroutine(ctx)
   fmt.Println("main thread")
   cancel()
}

Above In the code, we first use the WithContext() method to create a Context type object ctx, and then use the WithCancel() method to create a function cancel for canceling the ctx object. In the goroutine() function, we use the select statement to monitor the Done() method of the ctx object. If this method is triggered, it means that the Goroutine needs to exit and perform the exit operation.

In the main() function, we first called the WithContext() method to create the Context object ctx, and then passed the object to the goroutine() function. Next, we call the cancel() function, which immediately triggers the exit operation in the goroutine() function.

By using the context package, we can stop Goroutine more gracefully.

Conclusion

In this article, we introduced in detail how to exit the Golang coroutine correctly. By using the channel or context package, we can stop the Goroutine gracefully. In actual development, which method to choose depends on the specific situation, but no matter which method, we should follow the design principles of the Golang language and handle the exit operation gracefully to ensure that our program can always remain stable and reliable.

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