How to build a server using golang

As a powerful, efficient and lightweight programming language, Go language (golang) has attracted more and more attention from developers in recent years. Among them, its server programming capability is one of its most important features, because it can handle massive concurrent requests and provide high-performance services. This article will introduce how to use golang to build a server.

1. Install golang

First, you need to install golang on your own machine. If you haven't installed it yet, you can go to the golang official website to download the installation package that suits you and install it.

After the installation is completed, run the following command to verify whether golang is installed normally:

go version

After successful installation, the current golang version information will be displayed.

2. Writing server code

1. Import the http package

The http package in Go language provides all the tools needed to write a Web server. Therefore, before writing server code, you must first import this package. It can be imported as follows:

import "net/http"

2. Write Handler

Handler is the most basic processing unit of the Web server. Whenever an HTTP request is sent to the server, the server will send it to the corresponding The handler (Handler) then handles the request and returns the corresponding HTTP response.

The method of writing Handler is very simple. You only need to write a processing function (Handler function) to complete. The function must conform to the following format:

func handlerName(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    //处理函数的代码
}

Where, w is the ResponseWriter, used to construct the HTTP response; r is the Request, which contains information about all HTTP requests. Through these two parameters, you can obtain the request data and send the response to the client in the processing function.

For example, the following is a sample processing function to respond to the client's request:

func helloWorld(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request){
    fmt.Fprintln(w, "Hello, World!")
}

3. Start the server

After completing the writing of the Handler, you also need to start the Web server . It can be started according to the following code:

func main(){
    http.HandleFunc("/", helloWorld)
    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}

Among them, http.HandleFunc is used to specify the mapping relationship between a URL or URL pattern and the corresponding Handler function. And http.ListenAndServe is the command to start listening on a specific port.

Now, you can run the above code to start a web server listening on port 8080.

3. Test the server

After starting the server, enter http://localhost:8080/ in the browser to test whether your Web server is running normally.

If you see "Hello, World!" displayed in the browser, it means that you have successfully written a golang HTTP server!

4. Summary

golang is a fast, safe, and efficient programming language with outstanding performance for building web servers. In this article, we introduce you how to quickly build an HTTP server using golang.

First, we installed golang and prepared our working environment. We then wrote a handler function that would send a "Hello, World!" message to the client. Finally, we started the web server and tested whether it ran successfully in the browser.

In this way, we have introduced how to use golang to build a server, we hope it will be helpful to you!

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