Explore how to write systems in Golang

As an emerging programming language, Golang has great potential and advantages in system development. It can not only provide efficient system performance, but also have good code readability and maintainability. This article will explore in detail how to write a system in Golang and conduct practical demonstrations.

1. Basics of Golang system development

Before starting to use Golang to develop the system, you need to master basic Golang syntax and related development tools, such as Golang installation, code editor selection, simple Data types and process control, etc.

1. Installation of Golang

Before installing Golang, you need to download and install the installation package for the corresponding platform, which can be found on the official website (https://golang .org/dl/) to find various versions of Golang and related installation packages, and then download and install them according to your own system version.

2. Selection of code editor

Commonly used code editors in Golang development include Visual Studio Code, Sublime Text, Atom, etc. These editors all support the Golang language. Development and debugging, you can choose according to your own needs.

3. Data types and process control

Commonly used data types in Golang include integers, strings, floating point, Boolean, etc., in addition to arrays and slices , Map and other composite data types. Process control includes if statements, for loops, switch statements, etc.

2. Golang system development practice

After mastering the basic knowledge of Golang, we will use a simple example to demonstrate how to use Golang to develop the system.

Suppose we need to develop a simple command line calculator that can implement the four basic operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. The user inputs the calculation and outputs the result.

1. Project initialization

First, execute the following command on the command line to create a new Golang project and enter the project directory.

mkdir calculator
cd calculator

Next, create a file named main.go in this directory for writing the main function of the project.

2. Writing code

In main.go, we need to first define a struct structure to store two numbers and operation symbols. The code is as follows:

type Calculator struct {  
    Num1        float64  
    Num2        float64  
    Operation   string  
}

Next, define a function to process the calculation entered by the user, including reading the values, operators and other information entered by the user from the command line, and saving it to the Calculator structure. The code is as follows:

func getInput() Calculator {  
    scanner := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)  
    fmt.Print("Enter first number: ")  
    scanner.Scan()  
    num1, _ := strconv.ParseFloat(scanner.Text(), 64)  

    fmt.Print("Enter second number: ")  
    scanner.Scan()  
    num2, _ := strconv.ParseFloat(scanner.Text(), 64)  

    fmt.Print("Enter operation (+, -, *, /): ")  
    scanner.Scan()  
    op := scanner.Text()  
    return Calculator{num1, num2, op}  
}

Next, define a function to process the user input operation and calculate the result based on the operator. The code is as follows:

func (c Calculator) Calculate() float64 {  
    switch c.Operation {  
    case "+":  
        return c.Num1 + c.Num2  
    case "-":  
        return c.Num1 - c.Num2  
    case "*":  
        return c.Num1 * c.Num2  
    case "/":  
        return c.Num1 / c.Num2  
    default:  
        fmt.Println("Invalid operation!")  
        return 0  
    }  
}

Finally, call the above function in the main function and output the calculation result. The code is as follows:

func main() {  
    calc := getInput()  
    result := calc.Calculate()  
    fmt.Println("Result: ", result)  
}

3. Compile code

After completing the code writing, we need to compile the code and generate an executable file. Execute the following commands on the command line to compile.

go build main.go

After successful execution, an executable binary file named main will be generated in this directory.

4. Run the program

Execute the following command on the command line to run the program.

./main

After running successfully, the program will prompt the user to enter two numbers and operators, and then output the calculation results.

So far, we have successfully developed a simple command line calculator using Golang. Of course, the functions that need to be implemented in actual projects are definitely far more than this. Here is just a basis for system development based on Golang for beginners.

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