Discuss the definition and use of Golang variables

Golang is a statically typed programming language with the advantages of efficiency, reliability and simplicity. In Golang, variables are one of the most basic data types in programs. However, for beginners, variables often cause confusion because many people do not know where variables are defined, how to name them, and how to use them. Therefore, in this article, we will explore the issues of where Golang variables are defined, how to name and use them, to help beginners better understand and use Golang.

1. Definition of variables

In Golang, the definition of variables can be placed inside or outside the function. Outside a function, variables can be referenced by any function or file; within a function, variables can only be used inside the function. The definition format of variables is as follows:

var variable name variable type

For example:

var a int
var b string
var c float32

Among them, a is an integer variable, b is a string variable, and c is a single-precision floating-point variable.

In Golang, variables can also be defined and initialized using the short declaration operator ":=". For example:

x := 1
y := "hello"

In this example, x is an integer type variable, and its value is initialized to 1; y is A variable of type string whose value is initialized to "hello".

2. Naming of variables

In Golang, the naming rules of variables are the same as those in other programming languages. Variable names must begin with a letter or an underscore, and may only consist of letters, underscores, and numbers. Variable names are case-sensitive, so the variable names "Test" and "test" are two different variables. In Golang, it is recommended to use camel case naming for variables, that is, the first word is lowercase, and the first letter of each subsequent word is capitalized. For example:

var studentName string
var bookPrice float32

3. Use of variables

In Golang, the use of variables is divided into two steps: assignment and reading Pick.

1. Assignment

You can use the "=" operator to assign a value to a variable. For example:

a = 1
b = "hello"

You can also use the short declaration operator ":=" to declare and initialize variables. For example:

x := 1
y := "hello"

Considering that the type of Golang variables is automatically inferred by the compiler, the variable can also be specified when the variable is defined. type. For example:

var a int = 1
var b string = "hello"
var c bool = true

2. Read the

variable Fetching refers to using the value of a variable in a program. For example, to use the value of variable a, you can put it in another expression. For example:

sum := a 10

In this example, 10 is added to the value of variable a, and the final result is assigned to the variable sum. Likewise, variables b and c can be used in other expressions.

In addition, you can use the Printf function to output the value of a variable. For example:

fmt.Printf("a=%d, b=%s, c=%t", a, b, c)

In this example, the Printf function will output The values ​​of variables a, b and c. %d, %s and %t are parameter type symbols in the format string, representing integer, string and Boolean types respectively.

Summary

This article introduces the definition, naming and use of Golang variables. Although Golang variables have many similarities with variables in other programming languages, there are some differences. When writing a Golang program, you need to read the documentation carefully and ensure that variables are used correctly to improve the reliability and efficiency of the program.

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