How to use Swoole to avoid subcontracting problems

With the rapid development of the Internet, network communication is becoming increasingly important as an important infrastructure of the Internet. For now, network communication can be roughly divided into two types: synchronous mode and asynchronous mode. Asynchronous communication is non-blocking because of its , high concurrency and other characteristics have become more and more choices, and Swoole, as a high-performance asynchronous network framework, is increasingly used in development.

However, when using Swoole, many developers will encounter subcontracting problems, resulting in business logic errors, thus affecting the stability of the entire service. This article will mainly introduce how to use Swoole to avoid subcontracting problems.

1. What is the packetization problem

In network communications, in order to improve efficiency, large blocks of data are generally divided into several small segments for transmission. This is called packetization. Bag. When the network transmits a large amount of data, packetization will occur because the data in the data packet is segmented for some reasons, which leads to data incompleteness and affects business processing.

2. Ways to avoid subcontracting in Swoole

In order to solve the above problems, Swoole provides some methods to avoid the occurrence of subcontracting. Let’s explain in detail below Check out these methods.

1. Set the maximum length of the data packet

In Swoole, the function of setting the maximum length of the data packet is provided to limit the size of the data packet to avoid large chunks A situation where data is divided into several small blocks for transmission.

Usage is as follows:

//设置数据包长度
$server->set([
    'open_length_check'     => true, //开启包长检测
    'package_max_length'    => 81920, //数据包最大长度
    'package_length_type'   => 'N', //长度的类型，N：一个无符号的长整型
    'package_length_offset' => 0, //从数据包的第0个字节开始计算长度
    'package_body_offset'   => 4 //跳过packet_length的位置，从数据包的第4个字节开始
]);

By setting the maximum length of the data packet, the size of the data packet can be effectively limited, thereby avoiding the occurrence of sub-packetization.

2. Manual splicing of data packets

In the process of network transmission, as the amount of data changes, it is difficult to avoid sub-packetization problems, but we can manually splice the data package to solve the subcontracting problem. The specific implementation is to save each received data in a buffer when the server uses the onReceive method to receive data, and then process it when the complete data is received.

Usage as follows:

public function onReceive($server, $fd, $reactor_id, $data)
{
    //定义常量
    define('PACKET_BEGIN', 0x01); //数据包开始的标识
    //定义缓冲区
    static $buffer = '';
    static $packetLen = 0;
    static $fullData = '';
    //将数据加入缓冲区
    $buffer .= $data;
    //如果缓冲区的数据长度小于8个字节，则继续等待数据
    if (strlen($buffer) < 8) {
        return;
    }
    //获取数据包的长度
    if ($packetLen == 0) {
        $packetLen = unpack('N', substr($buffer, 0, 4))[1];
    }
    //如果数据包的长度大于缓冲区的长度，则继续等待数据
    if (strlen($buffer) < $packetLen) {
        return;
    }
    //获取数据
    $fullData = substr($buffer, 0, $packetLen);
    $buffer = substr($buffer, $packetLen);
    $packetLen = 0;
    //处理完整数据包，此处省略处理逻辑
}

By manually splicing data packets, you can avoid the occurrence of sub-packaging and ensure the integrity of the data.

3. Summary

As a high-performance asynchronous network framework, Swoole is very important to avoid subcontracting problems during use. This article introduces two To avoid subcontracting problems, one is to set the maximum length of data packets, and the other is to manually splice data packets. Developers can choose the corresponding method according to their own business needs. At the same time, when using Swoole, you should also pay attention to compatibility issues with other components to ensure the stability of the entire service.

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