Let’s talk about how to implement scheduled tasks in Swoole

Swoole is an excellent asynchronous framework for the PHP language. It provides PHP developers with the ability to handle high concurrency, high performance, distribution and other requirements by providing the underlying native API. In Swoole, scheduled tasks are a very common requirement. This article will introduce how to implement scheduled tasks in Swoole.

1. Swoole Timer

1.1 Overview of Swoole Timer

Swoole provides a very convenient timer function that can be used at a specified time Then perform the task. The Swoole timer does not use the timer provided by the system, but implements the timer function by itself.

1.2 Swoole Timer syntax

Using Swoole timer requires mastering two functions:

(1) swoole_timer_tick

This function can implement timer loop execution Tasks are executed every specified time. The syntax is as follows:

$timer_id = swoole_timer_tick(2000, function () {
  //这里是你要执行的任务
});

In the above code, the first parameter 2000 of the swoole_timer_tick function means that the task will be executed every 2000ms.

(2) swoole_timer_after

This function can implement a timer to execute a task and execute it after reaching the specified time. The syntax is as follows:

$timer_id = swoole_timer_after(2000, function () {
  //这里是你要执行的任务
});

In the above code, the first parameter 2000 of the swoole_timer_after function means that a task will be executed after 2000ms.

1.3 Swoole Timer Example

The following is a sample code that uses Swoole Timer to implement a timer:

<?php
$timer_id = swoole_timer_tick(2000, function () {
echo "定时器执行任务".PHP_EOL;    
});
//延迟10秒钟后清除定时器
swoole_timer_after(10000, function () use ($timer_id){
swoole_timer_clear($timer_id);
echo "清除定时器".PHP_EOL;
});
?>

In the above code, the swoole_timer_tick function will be executed every 2 seconds Once, output "timer execution task". Use the swoole_timer_after function to create a task clear timer that will be executed after 10 seconds and output "clear timer".

2. Swoole Crontab scheduled task

2.1 Overview of Swoole Crontab

In addition to the Timer timer, Swoole also provides a Crontab scheduled task that can be scheduled Perform a specified task.

2.2 Swoole Crontab syntax

You need to know the following functions to use Swoole Crontab:

(1) swoole\Coroutine\Cron::add()

Use this function to add a scheduled task. For example:

$cron = new swoole\Coroutine\Cron();
$cron->add('/1 *', function () {
//这里是你要执行的任务
});
$cron->start();

In the above code, a scheduled task is added to execute the specified task every minute.

(2) Time formats supported by Cron tasks

Cron tasks support the following time formats:

Format description:

minutes (0- 59) Hour (0-23) Day (1-31) Month (1-12) Week (0-7)

Among them, "week" 0 and 7 represent Sunday, 1-6 Indicates Monday to Saturday.

2.3 Swoole Crontab Example

The following is a sample code that uses Swoole Crontab to implement scheduled tasks:

<?php
$cron = new swoole\Coroutine\Cron();
$cron->add(&#39;/1 *&#39;, function () {
echo &#39;计划任务执行&#39;.PHP_EOL;
});
$cron->start();
?>

In the above code, add a scheduled task and execute the specified task every minute Task, output "Planned task execution".

3. Swoole process and coroutine scheduled tasks

In addition to Timer timers and Crontab scheduled tasks, Swoole can also use processes or coroutines to implement scheduled tasks.

3.1 Swoole process scheduled tasks

The steps to use the Swoole process to implement scheduled tasks are as follows:

(1) Create a process

$process = new swoole_process(function () {
//任何你想执行的任务
});

(2) Start the process

$process->start();

(3) Set the timer

swoole_timer_tick(2000, function ($timer_id, $params) use ($process) {
if (!$process->isRunning()) {
    echo "进程已结束".PHP_EOL;
    swoole_timer_clear($timer_id);
}
});

In the above code, a process is created, starts the process, and then Use the swoole_timer_tick function to set a timer for the process and check whether the process is running every 2 seconds.

3.2 Swoole coroutine scheduled tasks

The steps to use Swoole coroutine to implement scheduled tasks are as follows:

(1) Create a coroutine

$cid = go(function () {
//任何你想执行的任务
});

(2) Set timer

swoole_timer_tick(2000, function ($timer_id, $params) use ($cid) {
if (!swoole_coroutine_exists($cid)) {
    echo "协程已结束".PHP_EOL;
    swoole_timer_clear($timer_id);
}
});

In the above code, a coroutine is created, and then the swoole_timer_tick function is used to set the timer for the coroutine and check whether the coroutine is running every 2 seconds.

4. Summary

This article introduces three methods to implement scheduled tasks in Swoole: Timer timer, Crontab scheduled tasks and processes, and coroutine scheduled tasks. Developers can choose the appropriate method according to their own needs to implement the scheduled task function. I believe that through the introduction of this article, readers have mastered the method of implementing scheduled tasks in Swoole, and I hope it will be helpful to readers when using the Swoole framework.

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