在MySQL中,A LEFT JOIN B join_condition执行过程如下:
· 根据表A和A依赖的所有表设置表B。
· 根据LEFT JOIN条件中使用的所有表(除了B)设置表A。
· LEFT JOIN条件用于确定如何从表B搜索行。(换句话说,不使用WHERE子句中的任何条件)。
· 可以对所有标准联接进行优化,只是只有从它所依赖的所有表读取的表例外。如果出现循环依赖关系,MySQL提示出现一个错误。
· 进行所有标准WHERE优化。
· 如果A中有一行匹配WHERE子句,但B中没有一行匹配ON条件,则生成另一个B行,其中所有列设置为NULL。
· 如果使用LEFT JOIN找出在某些表中不存在的行,并且进行了下面的测试:WHERE部分的col_name IS NULL,其中col_name是一个声明为 NOT NULL的列,MySQL找到匹配LEFT JOIN条件的一个行后停止(为具体的关键字组合)搜索其它行。
RIGHT JOIN的执行类似LEFT JOIN,只是表的角色反过来。
联接优化器计算表应联接的顺序。LEFT JOIN和STRAIGHT_JOIN强制的表读顺序可以帮助联接优化器更快地工作,因为检查的表交换更少。请注意这说明如果执行下面类型的查询,MySQL进行全扫描b,因为LEFT JOIN强制它在d之前读取:
SELECT * FROM a,b LEFT JOIN c ON (c.key=a.key) LEFT JOIN d ON (d.key=a.key) WHERE b.key=d.key;
在这种情况下修复时用a的相反顺序,b列于FROM子句中:
SELECT * FROM b,a LEFT JOIN c ON (c.key=a.key) LEFT JOIN d ON (d.key=a.key) WHERE b.key=d.key;
MySQL可以进行下面的LEFT JOIN优化:如果对于产生的NULL行,WHERE条件总为假,LEFT JOIN变为普通联接。
例如,在下面的查询中如果t2.column1为NULL,WHERE 子句将为false:
SELECT * FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t2 ON (column1) WHERE t2.column2=5;
因此,可以安全地将查询转换为普通联接:
SELECT * FROM t1, t2 WHERE t2.column2=5 AND t1.column1=t2.column1;
这样可以更快,因为如果可以使查询更佳,MySQL可以在表t1之前使用表t2。为了强制使用表顺序,使用STRAIGHT_JOIN。
以及先过滤条件然后再根据表连接 同时在表中建立相关查询字段的索引这样在大数据多表联合查询的情况下速度相当快,可以来看一下下面这个例子中的写法:
SELECT M.*,SS.SensorCode,SS.SensorStatus,SS.ManufacturerId,SS.Electricity, SS.Voltage,SS.MinElectricity,SS.MinVoltage,SS.Temperature,SS.StatusUpdteDate,SS.UpdateStatus , tp.PricingStrategyid,tps.FreeDuration,bat.BerthTypeId FROM (SELECT T.* , BS.ParkStatus,BS.ChangeTime ,CA.CantonName, SE.SectionName FROM (SELECT A.* ,B.BerthId,B.BerthCode,B.BerthAddress,B.BerthStatus,B.LineDirection,B.CantonId,B.SectionId FROM (SELECT AR.AreaId,AR.AreaCode,AR.AreaName FROM SYS_Area AS AR WHERE 1=1 AND AR.AreaCode='110' ) A LEFT JOIN SYS_Berth AS B ON B.AreaId=A.AreaId ) T JOIN SYS_BerthStatus AS BS ON T.BerthCode=BS.BerthCode JOIN SYS_Canton AS CA ON T.CantonId=CA.CantonId JOIN SYS_Section AS SE ON T.SectionId=SE.SectionId )M LEFT JOIN SYS_Sensor SS ON M.BerthCode=SS.BerthCode LEFT JOIN TRA_PricingBerth AS tp ON tp.BerthCode=M.BerthCode LEFT JOIN TRA_PricingStrategy AS tps ON tps.PricingStrategyId=tp.PricingStrategyId LEFT JOIN SYS_BerthAndType AS bat ON bat.BerthCode=M.BerthCode ORDER BY BerthCode ASC
以上就是MySQL中对表连接查询的简单优化教程_MySQL的内容,更多相关内容请关注PHP中文网(www.php.cn)!

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