Where is the linux user directory?

The Linux user directory is in "/home". The files of non-administrator users are stored under the home directory. Each file represents the area of ​​each user, while the Linux administrator directory is stored in "/root". "middle.

#The operating environment of this tutorial: linux5.9.8 system, Dell G3 computer.

Where is the linux user directory?

Linux basic operations: User directory

##1. Administrator & User Directory

The administrator directory of the Linux system is stored under /root

Each user of the Linux system has his own area, which is stored under /home

Note:

The files of non-administrator users are stored under the home directory. Each file represents the area of ​​each user

2. Preparation Working path operation

2.1 New friends

2.1.1 pwd

pwd(Print Working Directory) The command is used to display the current directory

pwd The meaning of each parameter

-L, --logical Display the current directory
• -P, - -physical If no option is used, -P is used by default to display the actual physical address of the current directory

pwd

2.1.2 cd

cd m directory switching command

Tips: If the user wants to return to his home directory, he can directly enter cd

cd

2.1.3 su and sudo

##2.1.3.1 su

SU (Switch user), which allows an ordinary user to switch to a super user or other users, and can temporarily have the permissions of the switched user. When switching, you need to enter the password of the user you want to switch; it can also allow a super user to switch to an ordinary user. , temporarily processing transactions with a low-privilege identity, and there is no need to enter the password of the user to be switched when switching.

Example

Assume an ordinary user trunk, first log in as trunk:

su root: Temporarily switch to the root user , you need to enter a password, the environment variables remain unchanged after switching, partial permissions of root are obtained, and only commands in the trunk user path can be used, and unique commands in the root user path cannot be used.

• su - root: To switch to the root user, you need to enter a password. After the switch, the environment variables are changed, and you can do almost anything without restrictions.
• su - trunk: Switch back to a normal user from root without entering a password. After switching, you only have trunk permissions.

2.1.3.2 sudo

sudo is a Linux system management command that allows system administrators to let ordinary users execute some or all root commands. A tool such as halt, reboot, su, etc. This not only reduces the root user's login and management time, but also improves security. sudo is not a replacement for the shell, it is for each command.

sudo allows ordinary users to obtain permissions without knowing the password of the super user.

The super user will change the name of the ordinary user, Information such as the specific commands that can be executed and the identity of which user or user group to execute are registered in a special file (usually /etc/sudoers), which completes the authorization of the user (at this time the user is called "sudoer ”)

The difference between su and sudo in vernacular

To put it simply, when using su to switch, you need to know the root password. Yes, when switching to sudo, you only need to know your own password, but switching to sudo requires a configuration file to take effect

3. Absolute path& Relative

3.1 Path concept

3.1.1 Absolute path

Absolute path refers to the absolute path under the directory Location, directly to the target location, usually the path starting from the drive letter.

3.1.2 Relative path

The relative path refers to the relative path caused by the path where this file is located and other files (or files folder) path relationship.

3.1.3 Vernacular Summary Take the location on the map as an example:

• 绝对路径就好比你告诉人家你的家在XX省XX市XX县XX镇XX小区几栋几室
• 相对路径就好比你跟人家说我家在你家隔壁的隔壁…

3.2 路径操作

使用pwd看到的路径就是绝对路径

3.2.1 路径操作符

• . ：表示当前目录

cd .

• . . ： 表示当前的上一级目录

cd ..

• -：表示临近的两个目录相互切换

cd -

3.2.2 目录提示

在我们每个命令前面，都会有类似下图显示的提示

• root：代表当前登录用户
• @：代表在
• localhost：代表主机名（这是我自己起的名字）
• ~：代表用户的家目录（宿主目录）

cd ~

• $：代表当前用户为普通用户
• #：代表当前用户为超级用户【root用户】（见上图，#，所以是超级用户）

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