What programming language is go language?

The go language is a statically strongly typed, compiled, concurrent programming language developed by Google and has garbage collection capabilities. Go is a procedural programming language that can be used for fast machine code compilation; it provides concurrency mechanisms to easily develop multi-core and networked machine-level programs; it provides support for interfaces and type embedding.

The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 7 system, GO version 1.18, Dell G3 computer.

What is the go language?

Go (also known as Golang) is a statically strongly typed, compiled, and concurrent type developed by Google. , and a programming language with garbage collection capabilities.

Go is a procedural programming language that can be used for fast machine code compilation. It is a statically typed compiled language. It provides a concurrency mechanism that makes it easy to develop multi-core and networked machine-level programs. It is a fast, dynamically typed and interpreted language; it provides support for interfaces and type embedding.

The Go language (or Golang) originated in 2007 and was officially released in 2009. Go is a very young language, and its main goal is to "have both the development speed of dynamic languages ​​such as Python and the performance and security of compiled languages ​​such as C/C."

Go language is another attempt at programming language design and a major improvement over C-like languages. It not only allows you to access the underlying operating system, but also provides powerful network programming and concurrent programming support. Go language has many uses and can be used for network programming, system programming, concurrent programming, and distributed programming.

The launch of Go language aims to reduce the complexity of the code without losing application performance. It has the advantages of "simple deployment, good concurrency, good language design, and good execution performance". Currently, many domestic IT companies have adopted Go language to develop projects.

The Go language is sometimes described as a "C-like language", or "the C language of the 21st century". Go inherits similar expression syntax, control flow structure, basic data types, call parameter value transfer, pointers and many other ideas from C language. It also has the running efficiency of compiled machine code that C language has always valued and is consistent with existing Seamless adaptation to the operating system.

Because the Go language does not have the concepts of classes and inheritance, it does not look the same as Java or C. But it achieves polymorphism through the concept of interface. The Go language has a clear and easy-to-understand lightweight type system, and there is no hierarchy between types. Therefore, it can be said that Go language is a hybrid language.

In addition, many important open source projects are developed using the Go language, including Docker, Go-Ethereum, Thrraform and Kubernetes.

What are the advantages of go language

• #It can be directly compiled into machine code without relying on other libraries. The version of glibc has certain requirements. Deployment is Just throw a file in and you're done.

• A statically typed language, but it has the feeling of a dynamic language. A statically typed language can detect most of the hidden problems during compilation. The feeling of a dynamic language is that it has many packages. It can be used and is very efficient to write.

• The language level supports concurrency. This is the biggest feature of Go. It is born to support concurrency. I once said that there is a difference between natural genes and plastic surgery. We are all equally beautiful. But do you prefer plastic surgery or natural genetic beauty? Go supports concurrency in its genes. It can make full use of multiple cores and make it easy to use concurrency.

• Built-in runtime supports garbage collection. This is one of the characteristics of dynamic languages. Although GC is not perfect at present, it is enough to cope with most situations we can encounter. , especially the GC after Go1.1.

• It is simple and easy to learn. The authors of Go language all have C genes, so Go naturally has C genes. Then Go keywords are 25, but the expression ability is very powerful, almost Supports most of the features you've seen in other languages: inheritance, overloading, objects, etc.

• Rich standard library, Go currently has a large number of built-in libraries, especially the network library is very powerful, and this is my favorite part.

• Built-in powerful tools. There are many tool chains built into the Go language. The best one should be the gofmt tool, which automatically formats the code and makes team review so simple. Code The format is exactly the same, so it’s difficult to think of something different.

• Cross-platform compilation. If the Go code you write does not contain cgo, then you can compile Linux applications on the window system. How to do it? Go references the code of plan9, which is information that does not depend on the system.

• Embedded C support. As mentioned earlier, the author is the author of C, so Go can also directly include C code and make use of the existing rich C library.

What is Go suitable for?

1. Server programming. If you used C or C in the past, Go is suitable for those things, such as log processing, data packaging, virtual machine processing, file systems, etc.

2. Distributed systems, database agents, middleware, etc., such as Etcd.

3. Network programming, this area is currently the most widely used, including Web applications, API applications, download applications, and Go's built-in net/http package basically implements all the network functions we usually use.

4. Database operation

5. Cloud platform. Currently, many foreign cloud platforms are developed using Go. Part of CloudFoundy was formed, and the former VMare technical director came out to develop the apcera cloud platform.

6. Development of game server.

Go language success story

• Nsq: Nsq is a high-performance, high-availability message queue system developed by the Go language, with very high performance. Can handle billions of messages every day;

• Docker: a virtual packaging tool based on lxc, which can realize the establishment of PAAS platform.

• Packer: Used to generate image files for different platforms, such as VM, vbox, AWS, etc. The author is the author of vagrant

• Skynet: Distributed scheduling framework

• Doozer: distributed synchronization tool, similar to ZooKeeper

• Heka: mazila open source log processing system

• Cbfs: couchbase open source distributed file system

• Tsuru: open source PAAS platform, which has exactly the same functions as SAE

• Groupcache: A caching system for Google download system written by the author of memcahe

• God: A caching system similar to redis, but supports distribution and scalability

• Gor: Network traffic packet capture and replay tool

• Go language, as a large-scale project development language, has been used by many large companies, and even completely turned to Go development , representatives include Google, Facebook, Tencent, Baidu, Alibaba, JD.com, Xiaomi, 360, Meituan, Didi and Sina, etc. Therefore, the development prospects of Go language are still very good!

Recommended learning: Golang tutorial

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