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HomeDatabaseSQL因为一条sql语句产生了自我怀疑!

因为一条sql语句产生了自我怀疑!

Dec 30, 2022 pm 04:34 PM
mysqldatabaserear end

 故事是这样开始的

在一个月黑风高的夜晚

现场报过来,本该打到新服务的流量,又走到了老服务,老服务的功能不健全,很可能会让现场的用户不能支付。 需要说明一点的是,任何一个从老服务改造到新服务的时候,都不是完全把流量切过去,都需要经过一点时间去验证。

比如我们按照地理位置去切,将北京的部分车场(是的,我们是做停车服务的),切到新服务,其他城市的车场在老服务

我们采用最简单的办法,就是靠一个字段type去控制(0和1)

看似简单,但是事怪就怪在这个字段上,这个控制字段是属于后来加到数据库字段的,而且没有对外去配置,都是通过运维手动去数据库配置的,且数据库字段默认值设置为1。

可总有几个车场时不时的从0就变成了1。。众所周知,一个新的字段不在mybatis xml和pojo出现,那么就不会有操作改掉

翻遍所有的服务,关乎这个表的都是update操作,update操作因为没有这个字段时打死也不会改这个type的

image.png

冷静下来想想,数据库默认字段为1,然后0都会变成1。没有1变成0的,可以肯定的是,先删除,又新增了,否则没有别的解释

经过一番查验,找到这样一堆代码(伪代码)

replace INTO `A` (
      park_id,
      xxxx,
      xxxx
    )
    SELECT
       park_id,
       xxxx,
       xxxx 
    FROM
    B 
    where b.park_id = #{parkId}复制代码

看到这里,心里嘿嘿一笑,破案了。。。。。

image.png

 replace INTO

是的,就是replace INTO搞得鬼,大家都知道,replace INTO和insert into的区别

1、replace into 首先尝试插入数据到表中, 如果发现表中已经有此行数据(根据主键或者唯一索引判断)则先删除此行数据,然后插入新的数据

2、如果表中无此数据,则插入新数据。

这就正好验证了上面的猜想,只有删除再添加,才会让type跟随数据库的默认值走

讲到这里不妨我们多了解一点这个,有人可能会问,replace是不是取代了insert和delete,毕竟是干了两件事

MySql手册关于replace into的算法:Mysql手册

MySQL uses the following algorithm for REPLACE (and LOAD DATA ... REPLACE):Try to insert the new row into the tableWhile the insertion fails because a duplicate-key error occurs for a primary key or unique index:Delete from the table the conflicting row that has the duplicate key valueTry again to insert the new row into the tableMySQL对REPLACE(和LOAD DATA…REPLACE)使用以下算法:

尝试将新行插入表中

当由于主键或唯一索引出现重复键错误而导致插入失败时:

从表中删除具有重复键值的冲突行

再次尝试将新行插入表中复制代码

先插入, 出错了再执行delete加insert. 如果自己用程序来做, 个人认为效率会低很多,另外这样写真的很搞人

这里推荐使用INSERT...ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE, 感觉很靠谱. replace的副作用:

  • replace每次要重新分配自增id;

  • replace中执行delete时, 在有外键的情况下会很麻烦;

  • 如果delete时定义的有触发器, 则会被执行;

  • 副作用也会被传播到replica slave

 总结

开发当中难免遇到奇奇怪怪的各种问题,有问题莫慌,冷静分析,你认为的不可能事件、你认为的计算机会发生错误,其实都是自己没有去完全理解到位,跟踪到位!!!【推荐学习:MySQL视频教程SQL视频教程

最后祝大家2023,少写bug,少加班,多涨薪

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