How to delete files in golang

In golang, you can use the built-in Remove() or RemoveAll() function in the os package to delete files, the syntax is "os.Remove(path)" or "os.RemoveAll(path)". When deleting files, there is not much difference between the RemoveAll() and Remove() methods; but when deleting directories, Remove() can only delete empty directories, while RemoveAll() can delete them without any restrictions.

The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 7 system, GO version 1.18, Dell G3 computer.

In golang, almost all file operations such as file deletion, file creation, file reading and file writing are completed through the os package. So if you want to manage files in Golang, you need to use Golang's built-in os package.

To delete files in Golang, use the os.Remove() or os.RemoveAll() function. The os.Remove() and os.RemoveAll() functions are built-in Golang functions for deleting files. Provide the file path to the file, which can be deleted. It deletes named files or (empty) directories.

The RemoveAll function is used the same as Remove. The difference is that it will recursively delete all subdirectories and files. Today we will take a look at the specific differences between the two.

Delete files

os.Remove()

Next, we use os. The Remove() method deletes a file because we need to use code to verify it. Before deleting, we first need to create a file test.txt and then delete it. The following is the specific code:

package main

import ( 
    "os"
    "fmt"
)
 
func main () {
 
	testFile := "test.txt"
	_, err := os.Create(testFile) //创建文件
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println("文件创建失败")
	}
	
        // 使用 os.Remove() 删除文件
        err = os.Remove(testFile)
 
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println("删除失败")
	} else {
		fmt.Println("删除成功")
	}
}

os.RemoveAll()

Okay, through the above example, we can see os.Remove() It is still very convenient to delete files. So, let's see how os.RemoveAll() performs. It's still the same code as before. Let's replace the delete method. The modified code is as follows:

package main

import (
	"os"
	"fmt"
)
 
func main () {
 
	testFile := "test.txt"
	_, err := os.Create(testFile) //创建文件
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println("文件创建失败")
	}
	
        // 使用 os.RemoveAll() 删除文件
	err = os.RemoveAll(testFile)
 
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println("删除失败")
	} else {
		fmt.Println("删除成功")
	}
}

Code execution result:

##Delete directory

os.Remove()

What is the effect of using os.Remove() to delete a directory? Next, look directly at the code!

Example code:

package main

import (
	"os"
	"fmt"
)
 
func main () {
 
	testDir := "d1/d2/d3"
	// 创建多级目录
	err := os.MkdirAll(testDir, os.ModePerm)
	if 	err != nil {
		fmt.Println("文件创建失败", err)
	}
        // 使用 os.Remove() 删除文件
	err = os.Remove(testDir)
 
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println("删除失败", err)
	} else {
		fmt.Println("删除成功")
	}
}

Code execution result:

##os.RemoveAll()

So, what is the effect of deleting a directory using the os.RemoveAll() method? Let’s just look at the code too!

Example code:

package main

import (
	"os"
	"fmt"
)
 
func main () {
 
	testDir := "d1/d2/d3"
	// 创建多级目录
	err := os.MkdirAll(testDir, os.ModePerm)
	if 	err != nil {
		fmt.Println("文件创建失败", err)
	}
        // 使用 os.RemoveAll() 删除文件
	err = os.RemoveAll(testDir)
 
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println("删除失败")
	} else {
		fmt.Println("删除成功")
	}
}

Code execution result:

Now we find that when deleting a directory, the two methods have the same effect, which is Isn't there no difference between the two? the answer is negative. Still using the directory deletion code above, what will be the result if we delete directory d2 instead of directory d3?

After modifying the code, we finally found that there was no problem with the os.RemoveAll() method, but os.Remove() reported an error. The error message was as follows:

remove d1/d2/: directory not empty

Yes, directory d2 is not empty. Yes, because there is also subdirectory d3. At this point, we finally discovered what the difference is between os.RemoveAll() and os.Remove().

Note:

There is not much difference between the os.RemoveAll() and os.Remove() methods when deleting files. However, when deleting a directory, os.Remove() can only delete empty directories, while os.RemoveAll() can delete them without any restrictions.

【Related recommendations:

Go video tutorial

, Programming teaching】

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