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css deformation has several properties

青灯夜游Original: 2022-09-22 16:45:081534browse

css transformation has 6 attributes: 1. transform, which applies 2D or 3D transformation to elements; 2. transform-origin, which allows users to change the position of the transformed element; 3. transform-style, which specifies to be nested How elements are displayed in 3D space; 4. perspective, stipulates the perspective effect of 3D elements; 5. perspective-origin, stipulates the bottom position of 3D elements; 6. backface-visibility.

The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 7 system, CSS3&&HTML5 version, Dell G3 computer.

CSS3 transformations can move, scale, rotate, lengthen or stretch elements. The effect of a transformation is to make an element change its shape, size and position.

css transformation (transformation) property

Property	Description	CSS
transform	Apply a 2D or 3D transform to an element.	3
transform-origin	Allows you to change the position of the element being transformed.	3
transform-style	Specifies how nested elements are displayed in 3D space.	3
perspective	Specifies the perspective effect of 3D elements.	3
perspective-origin	Specifies the bottom position of the 3D element.	3
backface-visibility	Defines whether the element is visible when not facing the screen.	3

CSS3 transform attribute

Function: The transform attribute is applied to the element 2D or 3D conversion. This property allows us to rotate, scale, move or tilt the element.

Grammar:

transform: none|transform-functions;

Usage example

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style> 
*, *:after, *:before {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}
body {
  background: #F5F3F4;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 10px;
  font-family: &#39;Open Sans&#39;, sans-serif;
  text-align: center;
}
h2, h4 {
  font-weight: 400;
  color: #4d4d4d;
}
.card {
  display: inline-block;
  margin: 10px;
  background: #fff;
  padding: 10px;
  min-width: 180px;
  box-shadow: 0 3px 5px #ddd;
  color: #555;
}
.card .box {
  width: 60px;
  height: 60px;
  margin: auto;
  background: #ddd;
  cursor: pointer;
  box-shadow: 0 0 5px #ccc inset;
}
.card .box .fill {
  width: 60px;
  height: 60px;
  position: relative;
  background: #03A9F4;
  opacity: .5;
  box-shadow: 0 0 5px #ccc;
  -webkit-transition: 0.3s;
  transition: 0.3s;
}
.card p {
  margin: 25px 0 0;
}
.rotate:hover .fill {
  -webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);
  transform: rotate(45deg);
}
.rotateX:hover .fill {
  -webkit-transform: rotateX(45deg);
  transform: rotateX(45deg);
}
.rotateY:hover .fill {
  -webkit-transform: rotateY(45deg);
  transform: rotateY(45deg);
}
.rotateZ:hover .fill {
  -webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);
  transform: rotate(45deg);
}
.scale:hover .fill {
  -webkit-transform: scale(2, 2);
  transform: scale(2, 2);
}
.scaleX:hover .fill {
  -webkit-transform: scaleX(2);
  transform: scaleX(2);
}
.scaleY:hover .fill {
  -webkit-transform: scaleY(2);
  transform: scaleY(2);
}
.skew:hover .fill {
  -webkit-transform: skew(45deg, 45deg);
  transform: skew(45deg, 45deg);
}
.skewX:hover .fill {
  -webkit-transform: skewX(45deg);
  transform: skewX(45deg);
}
.skewY:hover .fill {
  -webkit-transform: skewY(45deg);
  transform: skewY(45deg);
}
.translate:hover .fill {
  -webkit-transform: translate(45px, 1em);
  transform: translate(45px, 1em);
}
.translateX:hover .fill {
  -webkit-transform: translateX(45px);
  transform: translateX(45px);
}
.translateY:hover .fill {
  -webkit-transform: translateY(45px);
  transform: translateY(45px);
}
.matrix:hover .fill {
  -webkit-transform: matrix(2, 2, 0, 2, 45, 0);
  transform: matrix(2, 2, 0, 2, 45, 0);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<!-- Rotate-->
<div class="card">
  <div class="box rotate">
    <div class="fill"></div>
  </div>
  <p>rotate(45deg)  </p>
</div>
<div class="card">
  <div class="box rotateX">
    <div class="fill"></div>
  </div>
  <p>rotateX(45deg)</p>
</div>
<div class="card">
  <div class="box rotateY">
    <div class="fill"></div>
  </div>
  <p>rotateY(45deg)</p>
</div>
<div class="card">
  <div class="box rotateZ">
    <div class="fill"></div>
  </div>
  <p>rotateZ(45deg)  </p>
</div>
<!-- scale-->
<div class="card">
  <div class="box scale">
    <div class="fill"></div>
  </div>
  <p>scale(2)</p>
</div>
<div class="card">
  <div class="box scaleX">
    <div class="fill"></div>
  </div>
  <p>scaleX(2)    </p>
</div>
<div class="card">
  <div class="box scaleY">
    <div class="fill"></div>
  </div>
  <p>scaleY(2)    </p>
</div>
<!-- skew-->
<div class="card">
  <div class="box skew">
    <div class="fill"></div>
  </div>
  <p>skew(45deg, 45deg)  </p>
</div>
<div class="card">
  <div class="box skewX">
    <div class="fill"></div>
  </div>
  <p>skewX(45deg)</p>
</div>
<div class="card">
  <div class="box skewY">
    <div class="fill"></div>
  </div>
  <p>skewY(45deg)</p>
</div>
<!-- translate-->
<div class="card">
  <div class="box translate">
    <div class="fill"></div>
  </div>
  <p>translate(45px)  </p>
</div>
<div class="card">
  <div class="box translateX">
    <div class="fill"></div>
  </div>
  <p>translateX(45px)</p>
</div>
<div class="card">
  <div class="box translateY">
    <div class="fill"></div>
  </div>
  <p>translateY(45px)</p>
</div>
<div class="card">
  <div class="box matrix">
    <div class="fill"></div>
  </div>
  <p> matrix(2, 2, 0, 2, 45, 0)</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>

Rendering:

css deformation has several properties

CSS3 transform-origin attribute

Function: The transform-origin attribute allows you to change the position of the transformed element. 2D transform elements change the element's x and y axes. 3D transform elements can also change their Z-axis.

Syntax:

transform-origin: x-axis y-axis z-axis;

##ValueDescriptionx-axisy-axis z-axisDefines where on the Z axis the view is placed. Possible values: length

注：该属性必须与 transform 属性一同使用。

使用示例

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#div1
{
position: relative;
height: 200px;
width: 200px;
margin: 50px;
padding:10px;
border: 1px solid black;
}
#div2
{
padding:50px;
position: absolute;
border: 1px solid black;
background-color: red;
transform: rotate(45deg);
transform-origin:20% 40%;
-ms-transform: rotate(45deg); /* IE 9 */
-ms-transform-origin:20% 40%; /* IE 9 */
-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg); /* Safari and Chrome */
-webkit-transform-origin:20% 40%; /* Safari and Chrome */
-moz-transform: rotate(45deg); /* Firefox */
-moz-transform-origin:20% 40%; /* Firefox */
-o-transform: rotate(45deg); /* Opera */
-o-transform-origin:20% 40%; /* Opera */
}
</style>
<script>
function changeRot(value)
{
document.getElementById(&#39;div2&#39;).style.transform="rotate(" + value + "deg)";
document.getElementById(&#39;div2&#39;).style.msTransform="rotate(" + value + "deg)";
document.getElementById(&#39;div2&#39;).style.webkitTransform="rotate(" + value + "deg)";
document.getElementById(&#39;div2&#39;).style.MozTransform="rotate(" + value + "deg)";
document.getElementById(&#39;div2&#39;).style.OTransform="rotate(" + value + "deg)";
document.getElementById(&#39;persp&#39;).innerHTML=value + "deg";
}
function changeOrg()
{
var x=document.getElementById(&#39;ox&#39;).value;
var y=document.getElementById(&#39;oy&#39;).value;
document.getElementById(&#39;div2&#39;).style.transformOrigin=x + &#39;% &#39; + y + &#39;%&#39;;
document.getElementById(&#39;div2&#39;).style.msTransformOrigin=x + &#39;% &#39; + y + &#39;%&#39;;
document.getElementById(&#39;div2&#39;).style.webkitTransformOrigin=x + &#39;% &#39; + y + &#39;%&#39;;
document.getElementById(&#39;div2&#39;).style.MozTransformOrigin=x + &#39;% &#39; + y + &#39;%&#39;;
document.getElementById(&#39;div2&#39;).style.OTransformOrigin=x + &#39;% &#39; + y + &#39;%&#39;;
document.getElementById(&#39;origin&#39;).innerHTML=x + "% " + y + "%";            
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<p>旋转红色的DIV元素，尝试更改其X轴和Y轴：</p>
<div id="div1">
  <div id="div2">HELLO</div>
</div>
Rotate:
<input type="range" min="-360" max="360" value="45" onchange="changeRot(this.value)" />
transform: rotateY:(<span id="persp">45deg</span>);
<br><br>
X-axis:<input type="range" min="-100" max="200" value="20" onchange="changeOrg()" id="ox" /><br>
Y-axis:<input type="range" min="-100" max="200" value="40" onchange="changeOrg()" id="oy" />
transform-origin: <span id="origin">20% 40%</span>;
 
</body>
</html>

效果图：

css deformation has several properties

CSS3 transform-style属性

作用：transform-style 属性规定如何在 3D 空间中呈现被嵌套的元素。

语法：

transform-style: flat|preserve-3d;

flat：子元素将不保留其 3D 位置。

preserve-3d：子元素将保留其 3D 位置。

注：该属性必须与 transform 属性一同使用。

使用示例

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#div1
{
position: relative;
height: 200px;
width: 200px;
margin: 100px;
padding:10px;
border: 1px solid black;
}
#div2
{
padding:50px;
position: absolute;
border: 1px solid black;
background-color: red;
transform: rotateY(60deg);
transform-style: preserve-3d;
-webkit-transform: rotateY(60deg); /* Safari and Chrome */
-webkit-transform-style: preserve-3d; /* Safari and Chrome */
}
#div3
{
padding:40px;
position: absolute;
border: 1px solid black;
background-color: yellow;
transform: rotateY(80deg);
-webkit-transform: rotateY(-60deg); /* Safari and Chrome */
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="div1">
  <div id="div2">HELLO
  <div id="div3">YELLOW</div>
  </div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

效果图：

css deformation has several properties

CSS perspective属性

perspective 属性定义 3D 元素距视图的距离，以像素计。该属性允许您改变 3D 元素查看 3D 元素的视图。

当为元素定义 perspective 属性时，其子元素会获得透视效果，而不是元素本身。

语法

perspective: number|none;


	Defines where on the X-axis the view is placed. Possible values: ● left ● center ● right ● length ● %
	Defines where on the Y-axis the view is placed. Possible values: ● top ● center ● bottom ● length ● %

值	描述
number	元素距离视图的距离，以像素计。
none	默认值。与 0 相同。不设置透视。

注释：perspective 属性只影响 3D 转换元素。

提示：请与 perspective-origin 属性一同使用该属性，这样您就能够改变 3D 元素的底部位置。

使用示例：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"> 
<style>
#div1
{
	position: relative;
	height: 150px;
	width: 150px;
	margin: 50px;
	padding:10px;
	border: 1px solid black;
	perspective:150px;
	-webkit-perspective:150px; /* Safari and Chrome */
}

#div2
{
	padding:50px;
	position: absolute;
	border: 1px solid black;
	background-color: red;
	transform: rotateX(45deg);
	-webkit-transform: rotateX(45deg); /* Safari and Chrome */
}
</style>
</head>

<body>

<div id="div1">
  <div id="div2">HELLO</div>
</div>
 
</body>
</html>

css deformation has several properties

CSS3 perspective-origin属性

perspective-origin 属性定义 3D 元素所基于的 X 轴和 Y 轴。该属性允许您改变 3D 元素的底部位置。

定义时的perspective -Origin属性，它是一个元素的子元素，透视图，而不是元素本身。

perspective-origin: x-axis y-axis;

值	描述
x-axis	定义该视图在 x 轴上的位置。默认值：50%。可能的值： left center right length %
y-axis	定义该视图在 y 轴上的位置。默认值：50%。可能的值： top center bottom length %

值

描述

x-axis

定义该视图在 x 轴上的位置。默认值：50%。

可能的值：

left
center
right
length
%

y-axis

定义该视图在 y 轴上的位置。默认值：50%。

可能的值：

top
center
bottom
length
%

使用示例：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"> 
<style>
#div1
{
	position: relative;
	height: 150px;
	width: 150px;
	margin: 50px;
	padding:10px;
	border: 1px solid black;
	perspective:150;
	perspective-origin: 10% 10%;
	-webkit-perspective:150; /* Safari and Chrome */
	-webkit-perspective-origin: 10% 10%; /* Safari and Chrome */
}

#div2
{
	padding:50px;
	position: absolute;
	border: 1px solid black;
	background-color: red;
	transform: rotateX(45deg);
	-webkit-transform: rotateX(45deg); /* Safari and Chrome */
}

</style>
</head>

<body>

<div id="div1">
  <div id="div2">HELLO</div>
</div>
 
</body>
</html>

css deformation has several properties

CSS3 backface-visibility属性

作用：backface-visibility 属性定义当元素不面向屏幕时是否可见。如果在旋转元素不希望看到其背面时，该属性很有用。

语法：

backface-visibility: visible|hidden;

visible：背面是可见的。

hidden：背面是不可见的。

注：只有 Internet Explorer 10+ 和 Firefox 支持 backface-visibility 属性；Opera 15+、Safari 和 Chrome 支持需使用-webkit-backface-visibility 属性替代。

使用示例

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<style>
div
{
position:relative;
height:60px;
width:60px;
border:1px solid #000;
background-color:yellow;
transform:rotateY(180deg);
-webkit-transform:rotateY(180deg); /* Chrome and Safari */
-moz-transform:rotateY(180deg); /* Firefox */
}
#div1
{
-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden;
-moz-backface-visibility:hidden;
-ms-backface-visibility:hidden;
}
#div2
{
-webkit-backface-visibility:visible;
-moz-backface-visibility:visible;
-ms-backface-visibility:visible;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p>本例有两个 div 元素，均旋转 180 度，背向用户。</p>
<p>第一个 div 元素的 backface-visibility 属性设置为 "hidden"，所以应该是不可见的。</p>
<div id="div1">DIV 1</div>
<p>第二个 div 元素的 backface-visibility 属性设置为 "visible"，所以是可见的。</p>
<div id="div2">DIV 2</div>
<p><b>注释：</b>本例只在 Internet Explorer 10、Firefox、Chrome 以及 Safari 中有效。</p>
</body>
</html>

效果图：

css deformation has several properties

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