CSS Tips Sharing: Pure CSS to Implement Table Responsive Layout
如何利用纯CSS实现表格响应式布局?下面本篇文章就来给大家分享超 Nice 的表格响应式布局小技巧,希望对大家有所帮助!
今天,遇到了一个很有意思的问题,一名群友问我,仅仅使用 CSS,能否实现这样一种响应式的布局效果:
简单解析一下效果:
在屏幕视口较为宽时,表现为一个整体 Table 的样式
而当屏幕视口宽度较小时,原 Table 的每一行数据单独拆分为一个 Table 进行展示
很有意思的一个响应式布局,让信息在小屏幕下得到了一种不错的展示。
那么,仅仅使用 CSS 的话,能否实现这样一个布局呢?答案是可以的。【推荐学习:css视频教程】
首先,肯定会用到媒体查询,这个不难看出。另外,我们观察下拆分后的每一组数据:
都会存在一组原本整体一个 Table 时的表头信息,主要的难点就是在这里,我们如何在拆分成一个一个的子 Table 展示时,同时展示这些表头信息?
基本结构的实现
首先,我们先实现常规宽屏下的 HTML 及对应的 CSS。
比较简单,这里没有什么特殊之处,使用 <table> 标签或者使用 div、ul 等标签进行模拟一个表格都可以。<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false"></pre>
<table>
<caption>Lorem ipsum !</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Account</th>
<th>Due Date</th>
<th>Amount</th>
<th>Period</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Visa - 3412</td>
<td>04/01/2016</td>
<td>$1,190</td>
<td>03/01/2016 - 03/31/2016</td>
</tr>
// ... 重复多组
</tbody>
</table>
<p>得到这样一个简单的 Table:</p>
<p><img src="/static/imghwm/default1.png" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/article/000/000/024/cc35c8abe4f601f6e51378f694df082b-2.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,p_40" class="lazy" alt="" loading="lazy"></p>
<h2 id="strong-使用媒体查询将单个-Table-拆分成多个-strong"><strong>使用媒体查询将单个 Table 拆分成多个</strong></h2>
<p>下一步也很简单,设定合适的阈值(视实际业务情况而定),使用媒体查询将单个 Table 拆分成多个子 Table。</p>
<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">@media screen and (max-width: 600px) {
table {
border: 0;
}
table thead {
display: none;
}
table tr {
display: block;
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
table td {
border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;
display: block;
}
}</pre>
<p>这里做的事情也非常简单:</p>
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><p>利用媒体查询,设定屏幕宽度小于 <code>600px
的样式
去掉原本表格的 <thead> 表头,直接隐藏即可<li><p>将原本的一行 <code><tr>,设置为 <code>display: block
, 并且设置一个下边距,使之每一个分开
将原本的一行内的 <td>,设置为 <code>display: block
,这样,它们就会竖向排列,使每一个 <tr> 形成新的一个子 table<p>好,这样,再屏幕宽度小于 <code>600px
时,我们就得到了这样一个 Table:
借助伪元素及其特性,实现表头信息展示
下面一步,也就是最为关键的一步,我们如何在子 table 的每一行,也就是 <td> 内,再展示原本的表头信息呢?<p>这里其实也非常简单,只是简单的运用了伪元素,极其可以读取 HTML 标签属性的小特性实现。</p>
<p>我们只需要简单改造一下代码,给每个 <code><td> 的 HTML,带上与之对应的表头列描述信息:<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false"></pre>
<table>
// 上方信息保持一致
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Visa - 3412</td>
<td>04/01/2016</td>
<td>$1,190</td>
<td>03/01/2016 - 03/31/2016</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Visa - 6076</td>
<td>03/01/2016</td>
<td>$2,443</td>
<td>02/01/2016 - 02/29/2016</td>
</tr>
// ... 每个 tr 进行同样的处理
</tbody>
</table>
<p>接着,借助 td 的伪元素,实现表头信息的展示即可:</p>
<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">@media screen and (max-width: 600px) {
// ... 保持一致
table td {
position: relative;
display: block;
text-align: right;
}
table td::before {
position: absolute;
left: 10px;
right: 0;
content: attr(data-label);
}
}</pre>
<p>这里,我们核心的知识点就是利用了元素的伪元素可以在 <code>content
属性里,读取其 HTML 元素内的属性内容,并进行展示的知识点。
假设一个 HTML 标签定义为:
<div data-msg="ABC"> <li><p>那么该 div 对应的伪类如果设置了 <code>content: attr(data-msg)
,就可以读取到 data-msg 的值,相当于content:"ABC"
这样,我们在小屏幕下,就得到了这样一种效果:
完整的效果,即如题图所示:
For the complete DEMO, you can click here: CodePen Demo -- Simple Responsive Table in CSS
Original address: https://www .cnblogs.com/coco1s/p/16422777.html
Author: ChokCoco
(Learning video sharing: web front-end)
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