An article to talk about the commonly used built-in instructions in Vue [Encyclopedia]

This article reviews and summarizes all the built-in instructions of Vue. Some common instructions will be explained first, and the less commonly used instructions will be placed at the back.

0. Interpolation expression

Explanation: Interpolation expression is also called Mustache syntax (i.e. double braces), the double brace tag will be replaced by the value of the msg attribute in the corresponding component instance. At the same time, it will also be updated synchronously every time the msg attribute changes. [Related recommendations: vuejs video tutorial]

  b2afd68918e546cb374a1c24691a872e
    9ef6101249767d81d4698769b8f602fb
    c1a436a314ed609750bd7c7d319db4da{{message}} - {{message}}2e9b454fa8428549ca2e64dfac4625cd
    
    2606cfc876c4f7b95f34dead360db33a
    c1a436a314ed609750bd7c7d319db4da{{counter * 10}}2e9b454fa8428549ca2e64dfac4625cd
    c1a436a314ed609750bd7c7d319db4da{{ message.split(" ").reverse().join(" ") }}2e9b454fa8428549ca2e64dfac4625cd
    
    ed385a16220899853edae7594c73287b
    872d9b32c8da191b77f57bee34da1d47
    c1a436a314ed609750bd7c7d319db4da{{getReverseMessage()}}2e9b454fa8428549ca2e64dfac4625cd
    
    a9eef1710a66a568c2ef3239283949bc
    c1a436a314ed609750bd7c7d319db4da{{ isShow ? "哈哈哈": "" }}2e9b454fa8428549ca2e64dfac4625cd
    6159835a68da9af36b165079f357645e切换65281c5ac262bf6d81768915a4a77ac0

    67ac0dbf43588ec2e5eb6f29e5b49789
    4904c3e070de047a8967787da241ac97 赋值语句 -->
    <!-- c1a436a314ed609750bd7c7d319db4da{{var name = "abc"}}2e9b454fa8428549ca2e64dfac4625cd
    c1a436a314ed609750bd7c7d319db4da{{ if(isShow) {  return "哈哈哈" } }}2e9b454fa8428549ca2e64dfac4625cd -->
  21c97d3a051048b8e55e3c8f199a54b2

1. v-on

Instructions: Bind elements Event listener.

Abbreviation: @

Parameters: event (optional when using object syntax)

Modifier:

• .stop - Call event.stopPropagation().
• .prevent ——Call event.preventDefault().
• .capture - Add event listener in capture mode.
• .self - The handler function is only triggered when the event is emitted from the element itself.
• .{keyAlias} - The processing function is only triggered under certain keys.
• .once ——The processing function is triggered at most once.
• .left - Only triggers the handler function on the left mouse button event.
• .right - Only triggers the handler function on the right mouse button event.
• .middle ——The handler function is only triggered on the middle mouse button event.
• .passive - Attach a DOM event via { passive: true }.

Detailed description: The event type is specified by parameters. The expression can be a method name, an inline declaration, or can be omitted if modifiers are present.

• When used for ordinary elements, only listen to native DOM events. When used in custom element components, listen to custom events triggered by child components.
• When listening to native DOM events, the method receives the native event as the only parameter. If an inline declaration is used, the declaration has access to a special $event variable: v-on:click="handle('ok', $event)".
• v-on also supports binding objects of event/listener pairs without parameters. Note that when using object syntax, no modifiers are supported.

<!-- 方法处理函数 -->
<button v-on:click="doThis"></button>

<!-- 动态事件 -->
<button v-on:[event]="doThis"></button>

<!-- 内联声明 -->
<button v-on:click="doThat(&#39;hello&#39;, $event)"></button>

<!-- 缩写 -->
<button @click="doThis"></button>

<!-- 使用缩写的动态事件 -->
<button @[event]="doThis"></button>

<!-- 停止传播 -->
<button @click.stop="doThis"></button>

<!-- 阻止默认事件 -->
<button @click.prevent="doThis"></button>

<!-- 不带表达式地阻止默认事件 -->
<form @submit.prevent></form>

<!-- 链式调用修饰符 -->
<button @click.stop.prevent="doThis"></button>

<!-- 按键用于 keyAlias 修饰符-->
<input @keyup.enter="onEnter" />

<!-- 点击事件将最多触发一次 -->
<button v-on:click.once="doThis"></button>

<!-- 对象语法 -->
<button v-on="{ mousedown: doThis, mouseup: doThat }"></button>

Description: Dynamically bind one or more attributes, which can also be props of components.

Abbreviation: : or . (when using the .prop modifier)

Modifier:

• .camel - Convert attributes named with dashes into camel case naming.
• .prop - Force binding to DOM property. 3.2
• .attr - forced binding to DOM attribute. 3.2

Usage:

• When used to bind class or style attribute,v-bind Supports additional value types such as arrays or objects. See the guide link below for details.
• When processing binding, Vue will use the in operator by default to check whether a DOM property with the same name as the bound key is defined on the element. If a property with the same name exists, Vue will assign it as a DOM property instead of setting it as an attribute. This behavior is consistent with the expected binding value type in most cases, but you can also explicitly force the binding mode using the .prop and .attr modifiers. Sometimes this is necessary, especially when dealing with Custom Elements.
• When used for component props binding, the bound props must be correctly declared in the child component.
• When used without parameters, it can be used to bind an object containing multiple attribute name-binding value pairs.

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6c49807b5e41afd08b07f879d5b3611f

ca2c8067e1037374e5d78c5e839ba8e7
ac4c10b12de52ff39d6dd1a86ea133be65281c5ac262bf6d81768915a4a77ac0

ce4ac11d070d78d3bf4200f56a5282e9
8bc35230c7bba922cce56c732e3b851b

685da3d7c8f7965d80f9edf48daa5f56
32faf3341289b94749af0bf1be652bc865281c5ac262bf6d81768915a4a77ac0

cf92cd4e87509defaf5abc7296f4c6d6
37ccd9321590410723880d35c8a63426

5eabc6319d1f89da1681a3a69d9817aa
df1db8db6c6a1bd001a2d325e0dcbba716b28748ea4df4d9c2150843fecfba68
78caffbd9efd2e28142928d3ff73cef716b28748ea4df4d9c2150843fecfba68
e063a6e4f78702bfc30f136daf6fca6016b28748ea4df4d9c2150843fecfba68

c27aa09baa6799cfd4a33ee9cd28ce53
c58a2ee2da6d1a27c74c9b091d80feb516b28748ea4df4d9c2150843fecfba68
d149abd42d3366e14b12501b1112e70216b28748ea4df4d9c2150843fecfba68

8073364419f41ce130335513bf5e1951
d939ca9ed5cd14734c4ddb20e4e79c0f16b28748ea4df4d9c2150843fecfba68

a862b17c74470a288351156b8c4d7f77
9610c342ea57239201ca91be6e4e7501

ea6794c82904aa952ca98ddabb0de838
e69d9b4290fd4fb4a432945fea6a38d6

75b29cbcaccc9c02662e62bd527990c3
486d7a50595533609bc98d44595dc670f56d2e7f23d45ed220101d81457245f15db79b134e9f6b82c0b36e0489ee08edde28f444098d408d960da4dccff3a948

3. v-if

Description: Conditionally render elements based on the truth or falsehood of the expression value Or a template fragment.

4b13269c58155b4d3c3f0e2b713f7a9f哈哈哈哈2e9b454fa8428549ca2e64dfac4625cd

4. v-else

说明： 表示 v-if 或 v-if / v-else-if 链式调用的“else 块”。

4b13269c58155b4d3c3f0e2b713f7a9fCoder2e9b454fa8428549ca2e64dfac4625cd
6fa679bc7272d905ca47e65714e593c4Bin2e9b454fa8428549ca2e64dfac4625cd

ishow 为 true 显示 Coder，反之显示 Bin

5. v-else-if

说明： 表示 v-if 的“else if 块”。可以进行链式调用。

b2afd68918e546cb374a1c24691a872e
  244106ce26f735bc74200a8a7b3280ca
  049165843462199f7ad2c1a089cd32aa 90">优秀2e9b454fa8428549ca2e64dfac4625cd
  941a9c098be4f0040efec28ed48f877b 60">良好2e9b454fa8428549ca2e64dfac4625cd
  6fa679bc7272d905ca47e65714e593c4不及格2e9b454fa8428549ca2e64dfac4625cd
21c97d3a051048b8e55e3c8f199a54b2

v-model 后面会说明

6. v-show

说明：基于表达式值的真假性，来改变元素的可见性。

详细描述：v-show 通过设置内联样式的 display CSS 属性来工作，当元素可见时将使用初始 display 值。当条件改变时，也会触发过渡效果。

  b2afd68918e546cb374a1c24691a872e
    385ed23b4d02fc77ee7ebd14c8b72ca1哈哈哈哈2e9b454fa8428549ca2e64dfac4625cd
  21c97d3a051048b8e55e3c8f199a54b2

  3f1c4e4b6b16bbbd69b2ee476dc4f83a
    const App = {
      template: '#my-app',
      data() {
        return {
          isShow: true
        }
      }
    }
    Vue.createApp(App).mount('#app');
  2cacc6d41bbb37262a98f745aa00fbf0

v-show 不支持在 d477f9ce7bf77f53fbcf36bec1b69b7a 元素上使用，也不能和 v-else 搭配使用。

7. v-model

说明： 在表单输入元素或组件上创建双向绑定。

仅限： d5fd7aea971a85678ba271703566ebfd、221f08282418e2996498697df914ce4e、 4750256ae76b6b9d804861d8f69e79d3、components

修饰符：

• .lazy ——监听 change 事件而不是 input
• .number ——将输入的合法符串转为数字
• .trim ——移除输入内容两端空格

基本使用：

  b2afd68918e546cb374a1c24691a872e
    35b2b4783ceb9a54ba9d906c4a31606c
    990bd7c4ac2d231cd95d0071b68efb48 -->

    a19c7450e380302446c011b94704f128
    c1a436a314ed609750bd7c7d319db4da{{message}}2e9b454fa8428549ca2e64dfac4625cd
  21c97d3a051048b8e55e3c8f199a54b2

  3f1c4e4b6b16bbbd69b2ee476dc4f83a
    const App = {
      template: '#my-app',
      data() {
        return {
          message: "Hello World"
        }
      },
      methods: {
        inputChange(event) {
          this.message = event.target.value;
        }
      }
    }
    Vue.createApp(App).mount('#app');

绑定其他表单：

  b2afd68918e546cb374a1c24691a872e
    4640aafc9f665e8e0861ae4feac02a8f
    6f6f0d71120cc4719f1ed49d3bea4e3e
      自我介绍
      b6bfc2c3df4413e12fb29e24bddd088540587128eee8df8f03d0b607fe983014
    8c1ecd4bb896b2264e0711597d40766c
    c1a436a314ed609750bd7c7d319db4daintro: {{intro}}2e9b454fa8428549ca2e64dfac4625cd

    ada606ccd251c31e94c3d016eadc7e56
    c6a5bebce3c117fdffd863b9251e3393
    38fa2ed20090c8ee9c63580128fe7e49
      f01f21f30e21ae6d8146c11bad293515 同意协议
    8c1ecd4bb896b2264e0711597d40766c
    c1a436a314ed609750bd7c7d319db4daisAgree: {{isAgree}}2e9b454fa8428549ca2e64dfac4625cd

    820b72f7228d77b617dd5fcb1f6b4904
    45a2772a6b6107b401db3c9b82c049c2你的爱好: 54bdf357c58b8a65c66d7c19c8e4d114
    da039dcce21c416b4ffd9c47728b7146
      402e750d8af1b63b81eeec1332c33741 篮球
    8c1ecd4bb896b2264e0711597d40766c
    a7766bdb1fc22a2b0cce202b7fb94330
      3c2178265636ba16c83c1a7b917a0a09 足球
    8c1ecd4bb896b2264e0711597d40766c
    fb8859e3c9d4ddf7dfbf06c809df1e45
      38966e396fb5e52eadebf3356d27200b 网球
    8c1ecd4bb896b2264e0711597d40766c
    c1a436a314ed609750bd7c7d319db4dahobbies: {{hobbies}}2e9b454fa8428549ca2e64dfac4625cd

    2e7579bec9159d1fc6990ceb22eaa5c9
    45a2772a6b6107b401db3c9b82c049c2你的爱好: 54bdf357c58b8a65c66d7c19c8e4d114
    d2976ba1ac997526f88ca4e8bb4de440
      324f1eadb8049e4556029b2df5569ab8男
    8c1ecd4bb896b2264e0711597d40766c
    38c2d0814907870c5477634d311cab34
      06d4777128dbae66d7c8374e8209e12c女
    8c1ecd4bb896b2264e0711597d40766c
    c1a436a314ed609750bd7c7d319db4dagender: {{gender}}2e9b454fa8428549ca2e64dfac4625cd

    c0feb29bddb0804b1ad0c220ac78d6cb
    45a2772a6b6107b401db3c9b82c049c2喜欢的水果: 54bdf357c58b8a65c66d7c19c8e4d114
    5fd9cad7608ad243b072348dcee2c27a
      54ecce23d4044a0a00d42c566ab225fc苹果4afa15d3069109ac30911f04c56f3338
      f1f360e761fd66cc9146e16d2dba497d橘子4afa15d3069109ac30911f04c56f3338
      9541c26b2f7167e51c5d3255ce884852香蕉4afa15d3069109ac30911f04c56f3338
    18bb6ffaf0152bbe49cd8a3620346341
    c1a436a314ed609750bd7c7d319db4dafruit: {{fruit}}2e9b454fa8428549ca2e64dfac4625cd
  21c97d3a051048b8e55e3c8f199a54b2

  3f1c4e4b6b16bbbd69b2ee476dc4f83a
    const App = {
      template: '#my-app',
      data() {
        return {
          intro: "Hello World",
          isAgree: false,
          hobbies: ["basketball"],
          gender: "",
          fruit: "orange"
        }
      },
      methods: {
        commitForm() {
          axios
        }
      }
    }

    Vue.createApp(App).mount('#app');
  2cacc6d41bbb37262a98f745aa00fbf0

v-model修饰符的使用

 b2afd68918e546cb374a1c24691a872e
    7e5b3c60f3664e2ee2a2a24a62fece7f
    717719c49b690bb8eece2adabbfc0874 -->

    6faceceeebaa105666e801ff935b2463
    4888658be233bad65a521f436889bd53
    c1a436a314ed609750bd7c7d319db4da{{message}}2e9b454fa8428549ca2e64dfac4625cd
    350b7f834ee29bdbd49965c582390625查看类型65281c5ac262bf6d81768915a4a77ac0 -->

    bd573358cd5fb5aafd63b7aab8099bbb
    fc0814da98ce60da4c3d680dda8e296c
    990bd121baec33b5e8d85431a647259e查看结果65281c5ac262bf6d81768915a4a77ac0
  21c97d3a051048b8e55e3c8f199a54b2

  3f1c4e4b6b16bbbd69b2ee476dc4f83a
    const App = {
      template: '#my-app',
      data() {
        return {
          message: "Hello World"
        }
      },
      methods: {
        showType() {
          console.log(this.message, typeof this.message);
        },
        showResult() {
          console.log(this.message);
        }
      }
    }

    Vue.createApp(App).mount('#app');
  2cacc6d41bbb37262a98f745aa00fbf0

8. v-for

说明： 基于原始数据多次渲染元素或模板块。

详细描述：

指令值必须使用特殊语法 alias in expression 为正在迭代的元素提供一个别名：

f4ef030d0839de37c4e1ef433c4b6394
  {{ item.text }}
16b28748ea4df4d9c2150843fecfba68

或者，你也可以为索引指定别名 (如果用在对象，则是键值)：

b28e4f7e2b4fedfa35a2eaa3176d8cd316b28748ea4df4d9c2150843fecfba68
598c7327e4dc26847bb4509c91af0aa416b28748ea4df4d9c2150843fecfba68
260bea15910fd895025eea6060c2eab716b28748ea4df4d9c2150843fecfba68

v-for 的默认方式是尝试就地更新元素而不移动它们。要强制其重新排序元素，你需要用特殊 attribute key 来提供一个排序提示：

eabb038d2c6348808dc15a73bdd3a89d
  {{ item.text }}
16b28748ea4df4d9c2150843fecfba68

9. v-slot

说明： 用于声明具名插槽或是期望接收 props 的作用域插槽。

缩写： #

参数：插槽名 (可选，默认是 default)

仅限：

• d477f9ce7bf77f53fbcf36bec1b69b7a
• components (用于带有 prop 的单个默认插槽)

示例

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71322b3c7af6c94f1e1c4e5773dff577
  f7c768329f9d5fe8ef837b28f9460d0e
    Header content
  21c97d3a051048b8e55e3c8f199a54b2

  81369fca6737871db11e27c64116e975
    Default slot content
  21c97d3a051048b8e55e3c8f199a54b2

  1e7c531a57ab34112c70be1a88387e8c
    Footer content
  21c97d3a051048b8e55e3c8f199a54b2
a7404faa8989ab176c7e812b70808e66

95dbf192020177187dadd953add4f076
d47f14ce98f36419e01ddc5846584a21
  d2d61fc03a199e5255b5f1fb9f3f316d
    3756e8adbda7e9b943a61c26f2df1b54
      {{ slotProps.item.text }}
    16b28748ea4df4d9c2150843fecfba68
  21c97d3a051048b8e55e3c8f199a54b2
837cb83ad017825a5f5808eec3f248e2

2e3cf59cf3584e31af52dd69e5425d1d
0990bbde804d14766ed5eb832feb391f
  Mouse position: {{ x }}, {{ y }}
757fecbcf4645dae34ff02ec40f70f05

10. v-text

说明： 更新元素的文本内容。

详细描述： v-text 通过设置元素的 textContent 属性来工作，因此它将覆盖元素中所有现有的内容。如果你需要更新 textContent 的部分，应该使用 mustache interpolations 代替。

0190816bd21822f3607e1482b4d1fa3b54bdf357c58b8a65c66d7c19c8e4d114
00f8dc646c4be2c5217d920298ae1cb1
45a2772a6b6107b401db3c9b82c049c2{{msg}}54bdf357c58b8a65c66d7c19c8e4d114

11. v-html

说明： 更新元素的 innerHTML。

详细描述： v-html 的内容直接作为普通 HTML 插入—— Vue 模板语法是不会被解析的。如果你发现自己正打算用 v-html 来编写模板，不如重新想想怎么使用组件来代替。

安全说明: 在你的站点上动态渲染任意的 HTML 是非常危险的，因为它很容易导致 XSS 攻击。请只对可信内容使用 HTML 插值，绝不要将用户提供的内容作为插值

820ce39ab3aad7aa68f07baa11715ad416b28748ea4df4d9c2150843fecfba68

12. v-pre

说明： 跳过该元素及其所有子元素的编译。

详细描述：元素内具有 v-pre，所有 Vue 模板语法都会被保留并按原样渲染。最常见的用例就是显示原始双大括号标签及内容。

2e24149472e5bc58f1ceee49a8c9a583{{ this will not be compiled }}54bdf357c58b8a65c66d7c19c8e4d114

13. v-once

说明： 跳过该元素及其所有子元素的编译。

详细描述： 在随后的重新渲染，元素/组件及其所有子项将被当作静态内容并跳过渲染。这可以用来优化更新时的性能。

7e8efa3dbcf3fdb345a6412f8702406a
3f25dda40764ecd0ef903ae07954a188This will never change: {{msg}}54bdf357c58b8a65c66d7c19c8e4d114
e2653ecc49c1e70eebe3f42f2ed64d40
8e8069d201fc869e0b021ec4eee7a32c
  4a249f0d628e2318394fd9b75b4636b1comment473f0a7621bec819994bb5020d29372a
  e388a4556c0f65e1904146cc1a846bee{{msg}}94b3e26ee717c64999d7867364b1b4a3
16b28748ea4df4d9c2150843fecfba68
dfe8352334aba3b8aa96d56356ef33cf
bd44626675a18da8612637c251a4c1b0
5035b2b6fe29a3799ffa1054970076c4
ff6d136ddc5fdfeffaf53ff6ee95f185
  9c24683ccaed9ee5bcef68d7e04aa4f4{{i}}bed06894275b65c1ab86501b08a632eb
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14. v-cloak

说明： 用于隐藏尚未完成编译的 DOM 模板。

详细描述：该指令只在没有构建步骤的环境下需要使用。

• 当使用直接在 DOM 中书写的模板时，可能会出现一种叫做“未编译模板闪现”的情况：用户可能先看到的是还没编译完成的双大括号标签，直到挂载的组件将它们替换为实际渲染的内容。
• v-cloak 会保留在所绑定的元素上，直到相关组件实例被挂载后才移除。配合像 [v-cloak] { display: none } 这样的 CSS 规则，它可以在组件编译完毕前隐藏原始模板。

[v-cloak] {
  display: none;
}

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  {{ message }}
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