What is the device used in computers to save the intermediate results and final results of program data operations?

The device is "memory"; memory is a memory component used to store programs and various data information, and can be divided into two categories: main memory and external memory. Main memory is an important component of computer hardware. Its function is to store instructions and data, and can be directly and randomly accessed by the central processing unit (CPU). The main memory is frequently used by the computer during program execution, and is used during an instruction cycle. Directly accessible. External memory refers to storage other than computer memory and CPU cache. External memory is used to store programs and data that are not in use temporarily. This type of storage can generally still save data after a power outage.

The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 7 system, Dell G3 computer.

The device used in a computer system to save programs and data, as well as the intermediate results and final results of operations is "memory".

Memory is a memory component used to store programs and various data information. Memory can be divided into two categories: main memory (referred to as main memory or memory) and auxiliary memory (referred to as auxiliary memory or external memory). It is the main memory that directly exchanges information with the CPU.

Main memory

Main memory (Main memory), referred to as main memory. It is an important component of computer hardware. Its function is to store instructions and data, and can be directly accessed randomly by the central processing unit (CPU). Modern computers often adopt multi-level storage systems in order to improve performance while maintaining reasonable costs. That is, a cache memory with small storage capacity and high access speed, and a main memory with moderate storage capacity and access speed are essential. Main memory stores information according to address, and the access speed generally has nothing to do with the address. A 32-bit (bit) address can express a maximum memory address of 4GB. This is sufficient for most applications, but it is not enough for some extremely computationally intensive applications and extremely large databases, which requires a 64-bit structure.

#The main memory works by storing or reading various types of information according to the address of the storage unit, collectively referred to as access memory. The carrier that collects storage units in the main memory is called a memory bank. Each unit in the memory bank can store information represented by a string of binary codes. The total number of bits of this information is called the word length of a storage unit. There is a one-to-one correspondence between the address of the storage unit and the information stored in it. There is only one unit address, which is fixed, but the information stored in it can be replaced.

#The main memory is frequently used by the computer during program execution and is directly accessible during an instruction cycle.

External storage

External storage refers to storage other than computer memory and CPU cache. This type of storage is generally stored after a power outage. Data can still be saved.

External memory requires the computer to read information from an external storage device such as a tape or disk. External memory is used to store programs and data that are not used temporarily.

External memory is usually magnetic media or optical disks, such as hard disks, floppy disks, tapes, CDs, etc., which can store information for a long time and does not rely on electricity to store information, but is driven by mechanical parts and is faster than the CPU It seems much slower.

• Floppy disks: Floppy disks use a soft polyester material to make prototype negatives, coated with magnetic material on both surfaces. Commonly used floppy disks have a diameter of 3.5 inches and a storage capacity of 1.44MB. Floppy disks read data through a floppy disk drive.

• U disk: U disk is also called "flash disk" and can store data through the USB port of the computer. Compared with floppy disks, U disks have replaced floppy disks due to their small size, large storage capacity, and ease of portability.

• Hard disk: The hard disk is composed of an aluminum alloy original plate coated with magnetic material. Each hard disk is composed of several magnetic discs. Among them, solid-state drives are semiconductor memories that use flash memory as the storage medium. Compared with mechanical hard drives, they have advantages such as fast read and write speeds, low latency, and good shock resistance. Their share of shipments in the global hard drive market continues to increase.

• The popularity of mobile solid-state drives has greatly reduced the weight of backpacks for people who are accustomed to mobile mechanical hard drives. Moreover, the combination of solid-state and mobile hard drives is obviously in line with the main characteristics of mobile storage products, such as being collision-resistant, lightweight, and plug-and-play without waiting.

• Tape memory: Tape is also called sequential access memory SAM. It has a large storage capacity, but the search speed is very slow, and is generally only used as a data back-up store. There are three types of tape drives used in computer systems: reel tape drives, data streaming tape drives, and spiral scan tape drives.

• Optical disc storage: Optical disc refers to a disc that uses optical means to store information. It applies optical storage technology, which uses lasers to write information on a certain medium, and then uses lasers to read out the information. Optical disk storage can be divided into: CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, and DVD-ROM, etc.

The difference between memory and external memory

1. Internal memory is a temporary storage area when executing a program. All data will be lost after power-off; external memory is used to store original data and operation results, which need to be saved for a long time. Data will not be lost after power-off.

2. The most prominent feature of internal memory is fast access speed, but small capacity and expensive price; the characteristics of external memory are large capacity, low price, but slow access speed.

3. Internal memory is used to store programs and data that are needed immediately; external memory is used to store programs and data that are not used temporarily.

For more related knowledge, please visit the FAQ column!

The above is the detailed content of What is the device used in computers to save the intermediate results and final results of program data operations?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!