Pure CSS to achieve multi-level navigation linkage (with pictures and text examples)-CSS Tutorial-php.cn

Home

Web Front-end

CSS Tutorial

Pure CSS to achieve multi-level navigation linkage (with pictures and text examples)

藏色散人

Aug 05, 2022 pm 01:59 PM

cssMulti-level navigation bar

Preface

Navigation bars have been done before...but they were all very simple first-level navigation bars or Secondary navigation bar implemented with JQ. But the things displayed on the page should still be implemented by CSS, and JavaScript should be more responsible for the actions. [Recommended: css video tutorial]

Basics

The first is the secondary navigation bar, for example:

Pure CSS to achieve multi-level navigation linkage (with pictures and text examples) ##Before I’ve never understood it… Actually, this kind of thing is very simple to put it bluntly….

The main points are:

1. What should the structure of the entire navigation look like

2. Without JS , how to make the second-level navigation appear when the mouse moves to the first-level navigation.

3. Positioning of the secondary navigation bar.

Analysis:

1. The more mainstream approach should be to use the ul tag. Each ul tag is a navigation level, the li inside is a sub-project, and the li contains a tag and ul tag. The a tag is used to click to jump, ul is the navigation bar of the next level, and so on...

2. Move the mouse to the first-level navigation bar to display the second-level navigation bar. The first reaction is the hover pseudo-class. According to previous understanding, hover is used to control its own changes. How can we control the sub-elements? What about style? In fact, this is enough:

    #nav li:hover ul{
            display: block;
        }

When the li of the first-level navigation is covered by the mouse, the ul in the child element is displayed.

......

It turns out it can still be like this, but my previous understanding was wrong. I originally thought

li:hover was just a state, but in fact it is also an element.

This code treats the entire li:hover as an element, but this element is special. It is defined as "when the mouse covers the li element of the li element", it is also an element. In this way, when the mouse covers the li element element, the element pointed by the mouse is li:hover. At this time, the ul element under li:hover is controlled to be displayed, and the purpose is achieved.

I'm so witty.

3. So how to make the second-level ul appear just below the first-level li?

1) The second-level ul is wrapped in the first-level li. In fact, just use relative positioning, and it is not just directly below. At this time, it has been separated from the document flow, and you want to position it wherever you want. It will be all right.

2) What if for some reason, or you are obsessive-compulsive, you don’t want to get out of the document flow?

In fact, just "squeeze" it down. There are a tags and ul tags in li. When the a tag is large enough and occupies all the positions, ul will naturally be squeezed underneath. .

Code above:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>吃货的导航栏</title>
    </head>
    <style type="text/css">
        *{
            margin:0px;
            padding:0px;
        }
        #nav{
            width: 600px;
            height: 40px;
            background: gray;
            margin: 0 auto;
        }
        #nav li{
            line-height: 40px;
            float: left;
            list-style: none;
            height: 40px;
            position: relative;
        }
        #nav a{
            padding: 0 20px;
            color: black;
            display: block;
            text-decoration: none;
            height: 40px;
        }
        #nav a:hover{
            background: #058;
            color:white;
        }
        #nav li ul{

            display: none;
            position: absolute;
            top: 40px;
            left:0px;
        }
        #nav li ul li{
            float: none;
            margin: 2px;
            width:100px;
            text-align: center;
        }
        #nav li ul li a{
            background: #ccc;
        }
        #nav li ul li a:hover{
            background: deeppink;
        }
        #nav li:hover ul{
            display: block;
        }
    </style>
    <body>
        <ul id="nav">
            <li><a href="#">首页</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">肉类</a>
                <ul>
                    <li><a href="#">牛肉</a></li>
                    <li><a href="#">猪肉</a></li>
                    <li><a href="#">鸡肉</a></li>
                </ul>
            </li>
            <li><a href="#">水果</a>
                <ul>
                    <li><a href="#">西瓜</a></li>
                    <li><a href="#">香蕉</a></li>
                    <li><a href="#">苹果</a></li>
                </ul>
            </li>
            <li><a href="#">零食</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">蔬菜</a>
                <ul>
                    <li><a href="#">白菜</a></li>
                </ul>
            </li>
        </ul>
    </body>
</html>

This is the most basic secondary navigation bar, but with this foundation, you have a basis for making multi-level navigation bars and various effects.

Multi-level navigation bar

Based on the above principles, you can easily create a multi-level navigation bar. Take the three-level one as an example to learn to make a good-looking one.

Pure CSS to achieve multi-level navigation linkage (with pictures and text examples) It is also a structure of li embedded with ul, using relative positioning and a little transition effect, and using small triangles made by border. The principle is to change the color of other borders to transparent. .

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>吃货的动画导航栏</title>
    </head>
    <style type="text/css">
        *{
            margin: 0px;
            padding: 0px;
        }
        .top-nav{
            width: 960px;
            margin: 0 auto;
            list-style: none;
            background-image: linear-gradient(#444, #111);
            border-radius: 6px;
            box-shadow: 0 1px 10px #777;
        }
        .top-nav:before,.top-nav:after{
            content: "";
            display: table;
        }
        .top-nav:after{
            clear: both;
        }
        .top-nav>li{
            float: left;
            border-right: 1px solid saddlebrown;
            position: relative;
            line-height: 40px;
        }
        .top-nav li{
            position: relative;
        }
        .top-nav>li a{
            font: "微软雅黑" 12px;
            text-decoration: none;
            color: goldenrod;
            padding: 12px 30px;
        }
        .top-nav>li a:hover{
            color:#fafafa;
        }
        .top-nav li ul{
            position: absolute;
            border-radius: 6px;
            z-index: 1;
            top: 40px;
            left: 0px;
            list-style: none;
            background-image: linear-gradient(#444, #111);
            box-shadow: 0 -1 0 rgba(255,255,255,0.3);
            visibility: hidden; /*这里只能用hidden 不能display*/
            opacity: 0;
            margin: 20px 0 0 0;
            transition: all .2s ease-in-out;
        }
        .top-nav ul ul{
            margin-left: 20px;
            margin-top: 20px;
        }
        .top-nav ul li:hover>ul{
            margin-left: 0px;
        }

        .top-nav li:hover>ul{
            opacity: 1;
            visibility: visible;
            margin: 0;
        }
        .top-nav ul a{
            padding: 15px;
            width: 70px;
            display: block;
        }
        .top-nav ul a:hover{
            background-image: linear-gradient(#04acec, #0186ba);
        }
        .top-nav ul li:first-child>a{
            border-radius: 6px 6px 0 0;
        }/*第一个跟最后一个a标签设置圆角*/
        .top-nav ul li:last-child>a{
            border-radius: 0 0 6px 6px;
        }
        .top-nav ul li{
            box-shadow: 0 1px 0 #111, 0 2px 0 #666;
        }/*两个阴影叠加产生间隔*/
        .top-nav ul li:first-child>a:before{
            content: "";/*这句不可少，少了没效果*/
            display: block;
            width: 0;
            border-left: 6px solid transparent;
            border-right: 6px solid transparent;
            border-bottom: 6px solid #444;
            position: absolute;
            top: -6px;
            left: 40px;
        }
        .top-nav ul li:first-child>a:hover:before{
            border-bottom: 6px solid #04acec;
        }
        .top-nav ul ul{
            top: 0px;
            left: 100px;
        }
        .top-nav ul ul li:first-child>a:before{ 
            border-top: 6px solid transparent;
            border-right: 6px solid #444;
            border-bottom: 6px solid transparent;
            position: absolute;
            top: 20px;
            left: -12px;
        }
        .top-nav ul ul li:first-child>a:hover:before{
            border-bottom: 6px solid transparent;
            border-right: 6px solid #04acec;
        }

    </style>
    <body>
        <ul class="top-nav">
            <li><a href="#">什么都吃</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">肉类</a>
                <ul>
                    <li><a href="#">铁板牛肉</a>
                        <ul>
                            <li><a href="#">黑椒味</a></li>
                            <li><a href="#">孜然味</a></li>
                            <li><a href="#">酸辣味</a></li>
                        </ul>
                    </li>
                    <li><a href="#">泡椒凤爪</a>
                        <ul>
                            <li><a href="#">大盘装</a></li>
                            <li><a href="#">中盘装</a></li>
                            <li><a href="#">小盘装</a></li>
                        </ul>
                    </li>
                    <li><a href="#">坩埚田鸡</a></li>
                </ul>
            </li>
            <li><a href="#">中餐</a>
                <ul>
                    <li><a href="#">家常菜</a>
                        <ul>
                            <li><a href="#">红烧肉</a></li>
                            <li><a href="#">拔丝地瓜</a></li>
                            <li><a href="#">青椒炒肉</a></li>
                        </ul>
                    </li>
                    <li><a href="#">汤</a>
                        <ul>
                            <li><a href="#">花蛤汤</a></li>
                            <li><a href="#">大骨肉汤</a></li>
                            <li><a href="#">鱼汤</a></li>
                        </ul>
                    </li>
                </ul>
            </li>
            <li><a href="#">水果</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">甜点</a></li>

        </ul>
    </body>
</html>

Because there are many levels...be careful when using selectors. . When should you add > and when should you use spaces. . Otherwise it will take a long time to change, don’t ask me how I know.

The above is the detailed content of Pure CSS to achieve multi-level navigation linkage (with pictures and text examples). For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

Statement

This article is reproduced at:csdn. If there is any infringement, please contact admin@php.cn delete

利用CSS怎么创建渐变色边框？5种方法分享Oct 13, 2021 am 10:19 AM

利用CSS怎么创建渐变色边框？下面本篇文章给大家分享CSS实现渐变色边框的5种方法，希望对大家有所帮助！

css ul标签怎么去掉圆点Apr 25, 2022 pm 05:55 PM

在css中，可用list-style-type属性来去掉ul的圆点标记，语法为“ul{list-style-type:none}”；list-style-type属性可设置列表项标记的类型，当值为“none”可不定义标记，也可去除已有标记。

css与xml的区别是什么Apr 24, 2022 am 11:21 AM

区别是：css是层叠样式表单，是将样式信息与网页内容分离的一种标记语言，主要用来设计网页的样式，还可以对网页各元素进行格式化；xml是可扩展标记语言，是一种数据存储语言，用于使用简单的标记描述数据，将文档分成许多部件并对这些部件加以标识。

css3怎么实现鼠标隐藏效果Apr 27, 2022 pm 05:20 PM

在css中，可以利用cursor属性实现鼠标隐藏效果，该属性用于定义鼠标指针放在一个元素边界范围内时所用的光标形状，当属性值设置为none时，就可以实现鼠标隐藏效果，语法为“元素{cursor:none}”。

rtl在css是什么意思Apr 24, 2022 am 11:07 AM

在css中，rtl是“right-to-left”的缩写，是从右往左的意思，指的是内联内容从右往左依次排布，是direction属性的一个属性值；该属性规定了文本的方向和书写方向，语法为“元素{direction:rtl}”。

css怎么设置i不是斜体Apr 20, 2022 am 10:36 AM

在css中，可以利用“font-style”属性设置i元素不是斜体样式，该属性用于指定文本的字体样式，当属性值设置为“normal”时，会显示元素的标准字体样式，语法为“i元素{font-style:normal}”。

css怎么实现英文小写转为大写Apr 25, 2022 pm 06:35 PM

转换方法：1、给英文元素添加“text-transform: uppercase;”样式，可将所有的英文字母都变成大写；2、给英文元素添加“text-transform:capitalize;”样式，可将英文文本中每个单词的首字母变为大写。

怎么设置rotate在css3的旋转中心点Apr 24, 2022 am 10:50 AM

在css3中，可以用“transform-origin”属性设置rotate的旋转中心点，该属性可更改转换元素的位置，第一个参数设置x轴的旋转位置，第二个参数设置y轴旋转位置，语法为“transform-origin:x轴位置 y轴位置”。

See all articles

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator

Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

R.E.P.O. Energy Crystals Explained and What They Do (Yellow Crystal)

2 weeks agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

How Long Does It Take To Beat Split Fiction?

1 months agoByDDD

R.E.P.O. Save File Location: Where Is It & How to Protect It?

1 months agoByDDD

R.E.P.O. Best Graphic Settings

2 weeks agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

Assassin's Creed Shadows: Seashell Riddle Solution

1 weeks agoByDDD

Hot Tools

MinGW - Minimalist GNU for Windows

This project is in the process of being migrated to osdn.net/projects/mingw, you can continue to follow us there. MinGW: A native Windows port of the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC), freely distributable import libraries and header files for building native Windows applications; includes extensions to the MSVC runtime to support C99 functionality. All MinGW software can run on 64-bit Windows platforms.

mPDF

mPDF is a PHP library that can generate PDF files from UTF-8 encoded HTML. The original author, Ian Back, wrote mPDF to output PDF files "on the fly" from his website and handle different languages. It is slower than original scripts like HTML2FPDF and produces larger files when using Unicode fonts, but supports CSS styles etc. and has a lot of enhancements. Supports almost all languages, including RTL (Arabic and Hebrew) and CJK (Chinese, Japanese and Korean). Supports nested block-level elements (such as P, DIV),