The structure of the Linux system is divided into four parts: 1. Kernel, the core of the operating system is responsible for managing the system's processes, memory, device drivers, etc.; 2. Shell, the user interface of the system, provides the connection between the user and the kernel An interface for interactive operations; 3. File system, a method of organizing files stored on storage devices such as disks; 4. Applications, including assembly of text editors and programming languages.
#The operating environment of this tutorial: linux7.3 system, Dell G3 computer.
What is the structure of Linux
Linux systems generally have 4 main parts: kernel, shell, file system and applications. The kernel, shell, and file system together form the basic operating system structure that allows users to run programs, manage files, and use the system.
Kernel
The kernel is the core of the operating system and has many of the most basic functions. It is responsible for managing the system's processes, memory, and device drivers. , file and network systems, determine the performance and stability of the system.
The Linux kernel consists of the following parts: memory management, process management, device drivers, file system and network management, etc. As shown in the figure:
# System call interface: The SCI layer provides certain mechanisms to perform function calls from user space to the kernel. This interface is architecture dependent, even within the same processor family. SCI is actually a very useful function call multiplexing and demultiplexing service. You can find the implementation of SCI in ./linux/kernel and the architecture-dependent parts in ./linux/arch.
Linux Shell
Shell is the user interface of the system, providing an interface for users to interact with the kernel. It receives commands entered by the user and sends them to the kernel for execution. It is a command interpreter. In addition, the shell programming language has many characteristics of ordinary programming languages. Shell programs written in this programming language have the same effect as other applications.
Currently there are mainly the following versions of shell.
1. Bourne Shell: Developed by Bell Labs.
2. BASH: It is GNU's Bourne Again Shell. It is the default shell on the GNU operating system. Most Linux distribution packages use this shell.
3． Korn Shell: It is a development of Bourne SHell and is compatible with Bourne Shell in most aspects.
4. C Shell: It is the BSD version of SUN Company Shell.
linux file system
The file system is an organization method for files stored on storage devices such as disks. Linux systems can support a variety of currently popular file systems, such as EXT2, EXT3, FAT, FAT32, VFAT and ISO9660.
linux application
The standard Linux system generally has a set of programs called applications, which includes text editors, Programming languages, X Window, office suites, Internet tools and databases, etc.
Recommended learning: Linux video tutorial
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