Operation and MaintenanceLinux Operation and MaintenanceWhat are the two categories of Linux versions?
Linux versions can be divided into two categories: "releases maintained by commercial companies" and "releases maintained by community organizations"; releases maintained by commercial companies are represented by Redhat, and releases maintained by community organizations are represented by Debian is the representative.
#Linux versions can be divided into two categories: "releases maintained by commercial companies" and "releases maintained by community organizations"; releases maintained by commercial companies Redhat is represented, and the distribution maintained by community organizations is represented by Debian.
What are the two categories of Linux versions?
Linux versions can be roughly divided into two categories. One is the release version maintained by commercial companies, and the other is the release version maintained by community organizations. The former is represented by the famous Redhat (RHEL), and the latter is represented by Debian.
The following introduces the characteristics of each release version:
Redhat should be called the Redhat series, including RHEL (Redhat Enterprise Linux, the so-called Redhat Advance Server paid version), FedoraCore (made by Developed from the original Redhat desktop version, free version), CentOS (community clone version of RHEL, free). Redhat should be said to be the most widely used version of Linux in China. Some people even equate Redhat with Linux, and some veterans only use this version of Linux. Therefore, this version is characterized by a large number of users and a lot of information. The implication is that if you don’t understand something, it is easy to find someone to ask. Moreover, the general Linux tutorials on the Internet use Redhat as an example. of. The package management method of the Redhat series adopts the YUM package management method based on RPM packages, and the package distribution method is compiled binary files. In terms of stability, RHEL and CentOS have very good stability and are suitable for server use. However, Fedora Core has poor stability and is best used only for desktop applications.
Debian, or Debian series, including Debian and Ubuntu, etc. Debian is a model of community-based Linux and is the Linux system that most closely follows GNU specifications so far. Debian was first created by Ian Murdock in 1993 and is divided into three version branches: stable, testing and unstable. Among them, unstable is the latest test version, which includes the latest software packages, but also has relatively many bugs and is suitable for desktop users. The testing version has been tested in unstable, is relatively stable, and supports many new technologies (such as SMP, etc.). Stable is generally only used on servers. Most of the above software packages are relatively outdated, but the stability and security are very high. The most distinctive feature of Debian is the apt-get /dpkg package management method. In fact, Redhat's YUM also imitates Debian's APT method, but among binary file distribution methods, APT should be the best. Debian also has a wealth of information, and there are many supportive communities. If you have any questions, there are places to go.
Strictly speaking, Ubuntu cannot be considered an independent distribution. Ubuntu is based on the unstable version of Debian and is enhanced. It can be said that Ubuntu is a nearly perfect product that has all the advantages of Debian and its own enhanced advantages. Linux desktop system. Depending on the desktop system chosen, there are multiple versions to choose from, such as unity-based Ubuntu, Gnome-based Ubuntu Gnome, KDE-based Kubuntu, LXDE-based Lubuntu and Xfce-based Xubuntu, etc. It is characterized by a very friendly interface, easy to use, and comprehensive hardware support. It is the most suitable Linux distribution for desktop systems.
Gentoo, great Gentoo is the youngest distribution in the Linux world. Because of its youth, it can absorb the advantages of all previous distributions. This is why Gentoo is called the most perfect Linux distribution. one of the reasons.
FreeBSD, what needs to be emphasized is: FreeBSD is not a Linux system! However, a considerable part of the user groups of FreeBSD and Linux overlap, the hardware environments they support are relatively consistent, and the software they use is relatively similar, so FreeBSD can be compared as a Linux version.
FreeBSD has two branches: stable and current. As the name suggests, stable is a stable version, while current is a beta version that adds new technologies. FreeBSD uses the Ports package management system, which is similar to Gentoo. It is distributed based on source code and must be compiled on the local machine before it can run. However, the Ports system is not as easy to use as the Portage system and is slightly more complicated to use. The biggest feature of FreeBSD is its stability and efficiency, making it the best choice as a server operating system. However, its hardware support is not as complete as Linux, so it is not suitable as a desktop system.
Here are some suggestions for friends who are worried about choosing a Linux distribution:
If you just need a desktop system, and you don’t want to use piracy, and you don’t want to spend a lot of money on commercial software, Then you need a Linux distribution suitable for desktop use. If you don’t want to customize anything yourself and don’t want to waste too much time on the system, then it is very simple. You can choose one among ubuntu, kubuntu and xubuntu according to your preferences. Come on, the difference between the three is just the desktop program.
If you need a desktop system, want to customize your Linux system very flexibly, want your machine to run more happily, and don’t mind wasting a little time on Linux system installation, then your only choice is Gentoo , enjoy the pleasure of freedom brought by Gentoo!
If what you need is a server system, and you are very tired of various Linux configurations and just want a more stable server system, then your best choice is CentOS. After the installation is complete , it can provide very stable services after simple configuration.
If what you need is a rock-solid and very stable server system, then your only choice is FreeBSD.
If you need a stable server system, want to delve into all aspects of Linux, and want to customize a lot of content yourself, then I recommend you use Gentoo.
Related recommendations: "Linux Video Tutorial"
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