What is the rpm package of linux?

In Linux, the rpm package is a management program that installs the required software on the host through database management; rpm is developed by Red Hat and is often used for installation, upgrade, uninstallation and query of software packages. Linux uses rpm to implement and manage the installation, viewing and deletion of software.

#The operating environment of this tutorial: linux7.3 system, Dell G3 computer.

What is the rpm package of Linux

RPM (RedHat Package Manager) is a management program that installs the required software on the host through database management.

Features of RPM package

1: Already compiled in advance

2: Easy to install

3: The environment is required to be consistent during the installation process

4:Reverse When installing, start from the top level

Naming rules for RPM packages

Example: bind-9.8.2-0.47.rc1.el6.x86_64.rpm

1.name , such as: bind, is the name of the software

2.version, such as: 9.8.2-0, is the version number of the software, the version number format is usually "major version number. minor version number. revision number" . 47, is the release version number, indicating how many times this rpm package was compiled

3.arch, such as i386, indicates the hardware platform for which the package is applicable. Currently, the platforms supported by rpm are: i386, i586 , i686, sparc and alpha

4..rpm and .src.rpm are the rpm package type suffixes, rpm is the compiled binary package, and .src.rpm is the source code package

5 .Special name:

(1) el*: indicates the publisher’s version, el6 indicates that this software package is used under rhel6.x/centos6.x;

(2) devel: Indicates that this rpm package is a software development package

(3)noarch: Indicates that such a software package can be installed and run on any platform and does not require a specific hardware platform

For example httpd-manual- 2.0.40-21.i386.rpm

httpd-manual ----- Package name

2 -----Main version number

0 -- --- Minor version number

40 ----- Minor version number

21 ----- Number of compilations

i386 ----- Suitable Platform

rpm ----- Description is an RPM package

Installation of RPM package

The installation of RPM package is very simple, just execute the following command:

rpm -ivh Software package name

Parameter description:

-i Installation

-v Display installation information

-h Display installation progress

The rpm command executes the installation of rpm packages and source packages. The rpm package ends with .rpm, and the source package ends with .src.rpm

Common RPM commands

-ivh 安装并显示安装进度（规则：rpm –ivh 包名）
示例：rpm –ivh bind-9.8.2-0.47.rc1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-Uvh 升级软件包（rpm –Uvh 包名 //升级软件包-旧升新，低升高）
示例：rpm –Uvh --oldpackage bind-9.8.2-0.47.rc1.el6.x86_64.rpm（新版本软件包降级为旧版本）
-ql 列出rpm软件包内的文件信息（显示已安装软件包内容）
示例：rpm –ql vsftpd （规则：rpm –ql 软件名）
-qi 列出rpm软件包描述信息（显示已安装软件包属性）
示例：rpm –qi bind （规则：rpm –qi 软件名）
-qf 查看指定文件属于哪个软件包（rpm –qf 文件名）
示例：rpm –qf /etc/rc.d/init.d/named
-Va 校验所有rpm包，查找丢失的文件
-e 删除rpm软件包（rpm –e 包名）
示例：rpm –e bind-9.8.2-0.47.rc1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-qpR 查看rpm包依赖关系
示例：rpm –qpR 包名
--force 忽略软件包及文件的冲突，即强制安装（长格式命令）
--nodeps 忽略软件包的依赖关系（长格式命令）
--test 安装测试，并不实际安装（长格式命令）
示例:测试--nodeps和--test，rpm –ivh httpd-2.2.15-53.el6.x86_64.rpm --test 并不安装，测试一下httpd软件包的依赖
rpm –qa

where

–a option is to query all installed software packages.

-q is to query whether a package is installed

(display difference: installed rpm packages will not display the suffix .rpm, while uninstalled packages will display the suffix .rpm)

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